Marginal Bone Loss Evaluation Postdental Implants Placed with Platelet-Rich Plasma: An Original Research.

Introduction: Various materials are used to improve the longevity of the dental implants. In our study, we assessed the marginal bone loss around dental implants after implantation with platelet-rich plasma. Materials and
Methods: We conducted a prospective clinical study among 200 subjects who were grouped equally as those with and without the application of PRF in the implantation. The radiographic and clinical features for the marginal bone loss were assessed and compared keeping P < 0.05 as statistically significant.
Results: We observed no significant variation between the groups for the mobility, bleeding on probing, plaque index, and marginal bone loss.
Conclusion: We can conclude that the application of PRP concentrate did not significantly affect the marginal bone loss in the dental implantation. Copyright:

INTRODUCTION

In the recent times, the most preferred mode for the replacement of the lost teeth is the dental implant. There are long-term studies that have concluded the success of the dental implants.[123] After the implantation, the marginal bone loss is commonly seen in the dental implant-associated prosthesis. This bone loss is under the influence of various factors. The maximum amount of the bone loss usually occurs during the first few months and later it subsides. Excessive bone loss may lead to the failure of the implant and hence care is taken to lower the factors aggravating the bone loss. Recently, the application of “Platelet-rich plasma (PRP)” has shown osteogenic effect.[456] Hence, in our study, we assessed the marginal bone loss around dental implants after implantation with PRP.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

We conducted a prospective clinical study assessing the effect of PRP on the marginal bone loss. Institutional ethics clearance was obtained for the study. We considered 200 subjects for the study who were grouped as two equal groups where the dental implants were placed with and without PRP. We included the subjects who had good oral hygiene indices and no other medical conditions. The clinical and the radiographs were collected pretreatment. After the placement of the implant and the PRP, the subjects were followed up for 12 months. The various parameters were noted and compared for significance keeping P < 0.05 as statistically significant.

RESULTS

We observed that there was no significant difference for the clinical parameters of mobility, bleeding on probing, plaque index when the maximum grades were assessed [Table 1]. When the marginal bone loss was assessed we observed that there was no significant variation among the groups [Table 2].

Table 1

Comparison of the clinical parameters between the groups

Total sample in each group=100	Plaque indices-Grade 3	Bleeding on probing index-6 m	Mobility-Grade 3
With PRP (n)	10	7	3
Without PRP (n)	8	5	2
P	Not significant	Not significant	Not significant

PRP: Platelet-rich plasma

Table 2

Comparison of the marginal bone loss between the groups

	Mean (mm)	Minimum (mm)	Maximum (mm)	Median (mm)
With PRP	7.29	5.2	20.9	1.4
Without PRP	6.2	5.1	21.8	1.3
P	Not significant

PRP: Platelet-rich plasma

DISCUSSION

The dental implant is replacing the conventional partial dentures. The dental implants are used for the single tooth replacement and also for the multiple teeth loss. They are applied in the anterior and the posterior regions. After the replacement of the dental implants various factors interplay for its success or the failure.[78] Marginal bone loss is associated with the implant failure. Various procedures are done to augment the implant life and osseointegration. One such method is the application of PRP that is known for its osteogenic effect. We observed no significant difference in the clinical parameters plaque indices, bleeding on probing index, mobility when the maximum grades were assessed. When the marginal bone loss was assessed we observed that there was no significant variation among the groups. Our observations are in accordance with the study of Attia et al.,[4] Saravi et al.,[5] Taschieri et al.,[6] and Kundu et al.,[7] where they also detected no significant variation in the marginal bone loss after dental implantation. However, our study was contrary to the study of Uppala et al.,[8] where they observed that there increased bone levels in the application of PRP along with the “β-Tricalcium Phosphate Bone Graft”.

CONCLUSION

Although many studies have concluded the osteogenic effect of the PRP, in our study, no significant difference was seen between the groups. Further studies with longer follow-up are suggested.

Financial support and sponsorship

Nil.

Conflicts of interest

There are no conflicts of interest.