Xiwen Huang1, Johnni Hansen2, Pei-Chen Lee3,4,5, Chia-Kai Wu6, Noah Federman7, Onyebuchi A Arah1,8,9, Chung-Yi Li10,11,12, Jorn Olsen13, Beate Ritz1, Julia E Heck14,15. 1. Department of Epidemiology, Fielding School of Public Health, and Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA, 90095-1772, USA. 2. Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Strandboulevarden 49, DK-2100, Copenhagen, Denmark. 3. Department of Health Care Management, National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences, 89 Nei-Chiang St, Wan-Hua Dist, Taipei, 10845, Taiwan. peichenlee@gs.ncku.edu.tw. 4. Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, Univ. Paris-Sud, Inserm U1018, Team "Exposome, heredity, cancer and health", CESP, 94807, Villejuif, France. peichenlee@gs.ncku.edu.tw. 5. Department of Public Health, National Cheng Kung University, #1, University Road, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan. peichenlee@gs.ncku.edu.tw. 6. Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, Univ. Paris-Sud, Inserm U1018, Team "Exposome, heredity, cancer and health", CESP, 94807, Villejuif, France. 7. Department of Pediatrics, Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, 90095-1752, USA. 8. Department of Statistics, UCLA College of Letters and Science, Los Angeles, CA, USA. 9. Section for Epidemiology, Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark. 10. Department of Public Health, National Cheng Kung University, #1, University Road, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan. 11. Department of Public Health, College of Public Health, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan. 12. Department of Healthcare Administration, College of Medical and Health Science, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan. 13. Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Aarhus University, Olof Palmes Allé 43-45 8200 Aarhus N, Aarhus, Denmark. 14. Department of Epidemiology, Fielding School of Public Health, and Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA, 90095-1772, USA. julia.heck@unt.edu. 15. College of Health and Public Service, University of North Texas, 1155 Union Circle #305250, Denton, TX, 76203-5017, USA. julia.heck@unt.edu.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The effect of maternal diabetes on childhood cancer has not been widely studied. METHODS: We examined this in two population-based studies in Denmark (N = 6420 cancer cases, 160,484 controls) and Taiwan (N = 2160 cancer cases, 2,076,877 non-cases) using logistic regression and Cox proportional hazard regression adjusted for birth year, child's sex, maternal age and birth order. RESULTS: Gestational diabetes in Denmark [odds ratio (OR) = 0.98, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.71-1.35] or type II and gestational diabetes in Taiwan (type II: hazard ratio (HR) = 0.81, 95% CI: 0.63-1.05; gestational diabetes: HR = 1.06, 95% CI: 0.92-1.22) were not associated with cancer (all types combined). In Denmark, maternal type I diabetes was associated with the risk of glioma (OR = 2.33, 95% CI: 1.04-5.22), while in Taiwan, the risks of glioma (HR = 1.59, 95% CI: 1.01-2.50) were elevated among children whose mothers had gestational diabetes. There was a twofold increased risk for hepatoblastoma with maternal type II diabetes (HR = 2.02, 95% CI: 1.02-4.00). CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that maternal diabetes is an important risk factor for certain types of childhood cancers, emphasising the need for effective interventions targeting maternal diabetes to prevent serious health effects in offspring.
BACKGROUND: The effect of maternal diabetes on childhood cancer has not been widely studied. METHODS: We examined this in two population-based studies in Denmark (N = 6420 cancer cases, 160,484 controls) and Taiwan (N = 2160 cancer cases, 2,076,877 non-cases) using logistic regression and Cox proportional hazard regression adjusted for birth year, child's sex, maternal age and birth order. RESULTS: Gestational diabetes in Denmark [odds ratio (OR) = 0.98, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.71-1.35] or type II and gestational diabetes in Taiwan (type II: hazard ratio (HR) = 0.81, 95% CI: 0.63-1.05; gestational diabetes: HR = 1.06, 95% CI: 0.92-1.22) were not associated with cancer (all types combined). In Denmark, maternal type I diabetes was associated with the risk of glioma (OR = 2.33, 95% CI: 1.04-5.22), while in Taiwan, the risks of glioma (HR = 1.59, 95% CI: 1.01-2.50) were elevated among children whose mothers had gestational diabetes. There was a twofold increased risk for hepatoblastoma with maternal type II diabetes (HR = 2.02, 95% CI: 1.02-4.00). CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that maternal diabetes is an important risk factor for certain types of childhood cancers, emphasising the need for effective interventions targeting maternal diabetes to prevent serious health effects in offspring.
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