A Kyan1,2, M Takakura3, Y Kamiya4,5, N Kinjo6, T Nakasone7. 1. Graduate School of Human Development and Environment, Kobe University, 3-11 Tsurukabuto, Kobe, Hyogo, 857-8501, Japan. a-kyan@pony.kobe-u.ac.jp. 2. Faculty of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, 207 Uehara, Nishihara, Okinawa, 903-0215, Japan. a-kyan@pony.kobe-u.ac.jp. 3. Faculty of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, 207 Uehara, Nishihara, Okinawa, 903-0215, Japan. 4. Faculty of Human Health Sciences, Meio University, 1220-1 Biimata, Nago, Okinawa, 905-8585, Japan. 5. Graduate School of Health Sciences, University of the Ryukyus, 207 Uehara, Nishihara, Okinawa, 903-0215, Japan. 6. Faculty of Education, University of the Ryukyus, 1 Senbaru, Nishihara, Okinawa, 903-0213, Japan. 7. Okinawa Prefectural South Regional Public Health Center, 212 Miyahira Haebaru, Okinawa, 901-1104, Japan.
Abstract
PURPOSE: We have less understanding of which socioeconomic status (SES) indicators may be reflective of latent socioeconomic inequalities in toothbrushing behaviours, especially finishing-toothbrushing by parents in young children. The aim of this study was to reveal the socioeconomic inequalities in children's toothbrushing and finishing-toothbrushing by parents and if it varies by SES indicators. METHODS: We used data from 'Survey on Children's Life' conducted by A city of Okinawa Prefecture, Japan. The multiple imputed data of 902 (boys, 453) included self-reported children's toothbrushing behaviour and finishing-toothbrushing by parents in three-to six-year-old children. SES was assessed using self-reported household income and parental educational attainment. Absolute and relative inequalities in toothbrushing behaviours were quantified using the slope index of inequality (SII) and relative index of inequality (RII), respectively. RESULTS: There were significant absolute and relative inequalities of children's toothbrushing for household income (SII and RII were 0.241 and 2.73, respectively), of finishing-toothbrushing by parents for household income (SII and RII were 0.133 and 3.28, respectively), and educational attainment (SII and RII were 0.166 and 5.55, respectively). The same inequality trends were observed after adjusting for covariates (child's age and sex, family structure, breakfast and dinner frequency, and sleep duration). CONCLUSION: Socioeconomic inequalities in children's toothbrushing and finishing-toothbrushing by parents varied according to SES indicators.
PURPOSE: We have less understanding of which socioeconomic status (SES) indicators may be reflective of latent socioeconomic inequalities in toothbrushing behaviours, especially finishing-toothbrushing by parents in young children. The aim of this study was to reveal the socioeconomic inequalities in children's toothbrushing and finishing-toothbrushing by parents and if it varies by SES indicators. METHODS: We used data from 'Survey on Children's Life' conducted by A city of Okinawa Prefecture, Japan. The multiple imputed data of 902 (boys, 453) included self-reported children's toothbrushing behaviour and finishing-toothbrushing by parents in three-to six-year-old children. SES was assessed using self-reported household income and parental educational attainment. Absolute and relative inequalities in toothbrushing behaviours were quantified using the slope index of inequality (SII) and relative index of inequality (RII), respectively. RESULTS: There were significant absolute and relative inequalities of children's toothbrushing for household income (SII and RII were 0.241 and 2.73, respectively), of finishing-toothbrushing by parents for household income (SII and RII were 0.133 and 3.28, respectively), and educational attainment (SII and RII were 0.166 and 5.55, respectively). The same inequality trends were observed after adjusting for covariates (child's age and sex, family structure, breakfast and dinner frequency, and sleep duration). CONCLUSION: Socioeconomic inequalities in children's toothbrushing and finishing-toothbrushing by parents varied according to SES indicators.
Authors: Klaus Pieper; Simone Dressler; Monika Heinzel-Gutenbrunner; Anne Neuhäuser; Matthias Krecker; Klaus Wunderlich; Anahita Jablonski-Momeni Journal: Int J Public Health Date: 2011-09-13 Impact factor: 3.380
Authors: Elnaz Aliakbari; Kara A Gray-Burrows; Karen A Vinall-Collier; Sakina Edwebi; Ama Salaudeen; Zoe Marshman; Rosemary R C McEachan; Peter F Day Journal: Clin Oral Investig Date: 2021-03-20 Impact factor: 3.573