Shumin Yuan1, Ling Peng2, Yuqing Liu3, Brian G Till4, Xiang Yan5, Jie Zhang5, Liping Zhu6, Huijuan Wang7, Shaokai Zhang8, Hongle Li9, Quanli Gao10, Zibing Wang11. 1. Department of Immunotherapy, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, China. 2. Department of Respiratory Disease, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou, China. 3. Department of Medical Oncology, Third Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China. 4. Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, United States. 5. Medical Oncology Department, The Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China. 6. Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China. 7. Department of Medical Oncology, Shouguang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shouguang, China. 8. Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Henan Office for Cancer Control and Research, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, China. 9. Molecular Pathology Department, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, China. llhl73@163.com. 10. Department of Immunotherapy, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, China. zlyygql0855@zzu.edu.cn. 11. Department of Immunotherapy, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, China. zlyywzb2118@zzu.edu.cn.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Anti-angiogenic drugs increase anti-tumor efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). However, the optimal dose of anti-angiogenic drugs remains unclear. METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed efficacy and safety data from patients diagnosed with advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) that received PD-1 blockade with low-doses of anlotinib, a highly selective receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor mainly targeting vascular endothelial growth factor receptors, as second or later line therapy. The primary endpoint was progression-free survival (PFS). Secondary endpoints included overall survival (OS), overall response rate (ORR), disease control rate (DCR), and safety profile. Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to identify prognostic factors. RESULTS: A total of 40 eligible patients were included. The median PFS was 11.4 months. The median OS of the entire cohort was 27.0 months. ORR was achieved in 16 patients (40.0%) and DCR was maintained in 33 patients (82.5%). The overall incidence of adverse events (AEs) was 52.5%, and the most common all grade AE was gastrointestinal reactions, which occurred in four patients (10.0%). Treatment-related grade 3/4 toxicity was observed in one patient (2.5%). Conclusions Low-dose anlotinib may be an effective and well-tolerated anti-angiogenesis partner for combination therapy with ICIs in second-line and later settings for advanced NSCLC.
BACKGROUND: Anti-angiogenic drugs increase anti-tumor efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). However, the optimal dose of anti-angiogenic drugs remains unclear. METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed efficacy and safety data from patients diagnosed with advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) that received PD-1 blockade with low-doses of anlotinib, a highly selective receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor mainly targeting vascular endothelial growth factor receptors, as second or later line therapy. The primary endpoint was progression-free survival (PFS). Secondary endpoints included overall survival (OS), overall response rate (ORR), disease control rate (DCR), and safety profile. Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to identify prognostic factors. RESULTS: A total of 40 eligible patients were included. The median PFS was 11.4 months. The median OS of the entire cohort was 27.0 months. ORR was achieved in 16 patients (40.0%) and DCR was maintained in 33 patients (82.5%). The overall incidence of adverse events (AEs) was 52.5%, and the most common all grade AE was gastrointestinal reactions, which occurred in four patients (10.0%). Treatment-related grade 3/4 toxicity was observed in one patient (2.5%). Conclusions Low-dose anlotinib may be an effective and well-tolerated anti-angiogenesis partner for combination therapy with ICIs in second-line and later settings for advanced NSCLC.
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