Aneesh Hehr1, Allesandra S Iadipaolo2, Austin Morales1, Cindy Cohen3, Jeffrey W Taub4,5, Felicity W K Harper6,7, Elimelech Goldberg7, Martin H Bluth3,8,9, Christine A Rabinak1,2,10, Hilary A Marusak1,6,10. 1. Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Neurosciences, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA. 2. Department of Pharmacy Practice, Eugene Applebaum College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA. 3. Kids Kicking Cancer, Southfield, Michigan, USA. 4. Department of Pediatrics, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA. 5. Children's Hospital of Michigan, Detroit, Michigan, USA. 6. Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, Michigan, USA. 7. Department of Oncology, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA. 8. Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA. 9. Department of Pathology, Maimonides Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York, USA. 10. Merrill Palmer Skillman Institute for Child and Family Development, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Mounting evidence demonstrates that meditation can lower pain and emotional distress in adults, and more recently, in children. Children may benefit from meditation given its accessibility across a variety of settings (e.g., surgical preparation). Recent neuroimaging studies in adults suggest that meditation techniques are neurobiologically distinct from other forms of emotion regulation, such as distraction, that rely on prefrontal control mechanisms, which are underdeveloped in youth. Rather, meditation techniques may not rely on "top-down" prefrontal control and may therefore be utilized across the lifespan. PROCEDURE: We examined neural activation in children with cancer, a potentially distressing diagnosis. During neuroimaging, children viewed distress-inducing video clips while using martial arts-based meditation (focused attention, mindful acceptance) or non-meditation (distraction) emotion regulation techniques. In a third condition (control), participants passively viewed the video clip. RESULTS: We found that meditation techniques were associated with lower activation in default mode network (DMN) regions, including the medial frontal cortex, precuneus, and posterior cingulate cortex, compared to the control condition. Additionally, we found evidence that meditation techniques may be more effective for modulating DMN activity than distraction. There were no differences in self-reported distress ratings between conditions. CONCLUSION: Together, these findings suggest that martial arts-based meditation modulates negative self-referential processing associated with the DMN, and may have implications for the management of pediatric pain and negative emotion.
BACKGROUND: Mounting evidence demonstrates that meditation can lower pain and emotional distress in adults, and more recently, in children. Children may benefit from meditation given its accessibility across a variety of settings (e.g., surgical preparation). Recent neuroimaging studies in adults suggest that meditation techniques are neurobiologically distinct from other forms of emotion regulation, such as distraction, that rely on prefrontal control mechanisms, which are underdeveloped in youth. Rather, meditation techniques may not rely on "top-down" prefrontal control and may therefore be utilized across the lifespan. PROCEDURE: We examined neural activation in children with cancer, a potentially distressing diagnosis. During neuroimaging, children viewed distress-inducing video clips while using martial arts-based meditation (focused attention, mindful acceptance) or non-meditation (distraction) emotion regulation techniques. In a third condition (control), participants passively viewed the video clip. RESULTS: We found that meditation techniques were associated with lower activation in default mode network (DMN) regions, including the medial frontal cortex, precuneus, and posterior cingulate cortex, compared to the control condition. Additionally, we found evidence that meditation techniques may be more effective for modulating DMN activity than distraction. There were no differences in self-reported distress ratings between conditions. CONCLUSION: Together, these findings suggest that martial arts-based meditation modulates negative self-referential processing associated with the DMN, and may have implications for the management of pediatric pain and negative emotion.
Authors: Clemens C C Bauer; Camila Caballero; Ethan Scherer; Martin R West; Michael D Mrazek; Dawa T Phillips; Susan Whitfield-Gabrieli; John D E Gabrieli Journal: Behav Neurosci Date: 2019-08-26 Impact factor: 1.912
Authors: Craig A Moodie; Gaurav Suri; Dustin S Goerlitz; Maria A Mateen; Gal Sheppes; Kateri McRae; Shreya Lakhan-Pal; Ravi Thiruchselvam; James J Gross Journal: Cogn Affect Behav Neurosci Date: 2020-04 Impact factor: 3.282