Samrawit F Yisahak1, Stefanie N Hinkle2, Sunni L Mumford2, Jessica L Gleason3, Katherine L Grantz3, Cuilin Zhang4,5, Jagteshwar Grewal1. 1. Office of the Director, Division of Population Health Research, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD. 2. Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA. 3. Epidemiology Branch, Division of Population Health Research, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD. 4. Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore. 5. NUS Bia-Echo Asia Centre for Reproductive Longevity and Equality, National University of Singapore, Singapore.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Ultraprocessed foods (UPFs) have been linked with obesity and cardiometabolic diseases in the general population but are understudied in pregnancy. We examined associations of UPF intake with gestational weight gain (GWG), glycemic, and blood pressure outcomes in pregnancy. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: Pregnant women (n = 1,948) in a prospective U.S. cohort self-reported the past 3-month diet using a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) at 8-13 weeks of gestation. The intake quantity (g/day) of foods and beverages identified as UPFs was ranked into quartiles. Associations of UPFs were evaluated, after adjusting for confounders, with 2nd and 3rd trimester Institute of Medicine (IOM) GWG categories, gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), and hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (GHTN). Secondary outcomes included GWG rate, glucose challenge test 1-h glucose, and blood pressure trajectories from linear mixed models. RESULTS: A total of 492 (25.2%) and 699 women (35.9%) had 2nd and 3rd trimester excessive GWG, respectively, and 85 women (4.4%) had GDM and 63 (3.2%) had severe hypertension or preeclampsia. UPF intake was not associated with higher odds of excessive GWG (quartile 4 vs. 1: adjusted odds ratio 0.68 [95% CI 0.44, 1.05], P-trend = 0.10 for 2nd trimester) or GDM risk (quartile 4 vs. 1: adjusted risk ratio 0.99 [95% CI 0.46, 2.11], P-trend = 0.85). Although UPF intake was positively associated with minor differences blood pressure trajectories, associations with GHTN were null. CONCLUSIONS: The expected unfavorable association of higher UPF intake with excessive GWG, GDM, and GHTN was not observed in our cohort of low-risk pregnant women. These results are based on a limited sample size and require replication.
OBJECTIVE: Ultraprocessed foods (UPFs) have been linked with obesity and cardiometabolic diseases in the general population but are understudied in pregnancy. We examined associations of UPF intake with gestational weight gain (GWG), glycemic, and blood pressure outcomes in pregnancy. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: Pregnant women (n = 1,948) in a prospective U.S. cohort self-reported the past 3-month diet using a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) at 8-13 weeks of gestation. The intake quantity (g/day) of foods and beverages identified as UPFs was ranked into quartiles. Associations of UPFs were evaluated, after adjusting for confounders, with 2nd and 3rd trimester Institute of Medicine (IOM) GWG categories, gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), and hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (GHTN). Secondary outcomes included GWG rate, glucose challenge test 1-h glucose, and blood pressure trajectories from linear mixed models. RESULTS: A total of 492 (25.2%) and 699 women (35.9%) had 2nd and 3rd trimester excessive GWG, respectively, and 85 women (4.4%) had GDM and 63 (3.2%) had severe hypertension or preeclampsia. UPF intake was not associated with higher odds of excessive GWG (quartile 4 vs. 1: adjusted odds ratio 0.68 [95% CI 0.44, 1.05], P-trend = 0.10 for 2nd trimester) or GDM risk (quartile 4 vs. 1: adjusted risk ratio 0.99 [95% CI 0.46, 2.11], P-trend = 0.85). Although UPF intake was positively associated with minor differences blood pressure trajectories, associations with GHTN were null. CONCLUSIONS: The expected unfavorable association of higher UPF intake with excessive GWG, GDM, and GHTN was not observed in our cohort of low-risk pregnant women. These results are based on a limited sample size and require replication.
Authors: Carlos A Monteiro; Geoffrey Cannon; Renata B Levy; Jean-Claude Moubarac; Maria Lc Louzada; Fernanda Rauber; Neha Khandpur; Gustavo Cediel; Daniela Neri; Euridice Martinez-Steele; Larissa G Baraldi; Patricia C Jaime Journal: Public Health Nutr Date: 2019-02-12 Impact factor: 4.022
Authors: Caroline de Barros Gomes; Maíra Barreto Malta; Maria Helena D'Aquino Benício; Maria Antonieta de Barros Leite Carvalhaes Journal: Public Health Nutr Date: 2020-07-20 Impact factor: 4.022
Authors: Patricia M Guenther; Kellie O Casavale; Jill Reedy; Sharon I Kirkpatrick; Hazel A B Hiza; Kevin J Kuczynski; Lisa L Kahle; Susan M Krebs-Smith Journal: J Acad Nutr Diet Date: 2013-02-13 Impact factor: 4.910
Authors: Stefanie N Hinkle; Cuilin Zhang; Katherine L Grantz; Anthony Sciscione; Deborah A Wing; William A Grobman; Roger B Newman; Mary E D'Alton; Daniel Skupski; Michael P Nageotte; Angela C Ranzini; John Owen; Edward K Chein; Sabrina Craigo; Samrawit F Yisahak; Aiyi Liu; Paul S Albert; Germaine M Buck Louis; Jagteshwar Grewal Journal: Curr Dev Nutr Date: 2020-12-24
Authors: Karthik W Rohatgi; Rachel A Tinius; W Todd Cade; Euridice Martínez Steele; Alison G Cahill; Diana C Parra Journal: PeerJ Date: 2017-12-07 Impact factor: 2.984
Authors: Caroline Dos Santos Costa; Franciane Rocha de Faria; Kamila Tiemann Gabe; Isabela Fleury Sattamini; Neha Khandpur; Fernanda Helena Marrocos Leite; Eurídice Martínez Steele; Maria Laura da Costa Louzada; Renata Bertazzi Levy; Carlos Augusto Monteiro Journal: Rev Saude Publica Date: 2021-04-14 Impact factor: 2.106