Enav Yefet1,2, Manal Massalha3,4, Adi Alter1, Amit Gal Harnik1, Sally Hosari Mahamed3, Lia Novick1, Malak Wattad3, Jawad Sakas1, Shira Baram3, Amir Weiss3,4, Rula Iskander3, Avi Peretz2,5, Orit Rozenberg6, Johnny S Younis1,2, Yuri Perlitz1,2, Zohar Nachum3,4. 1. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Baruch Padeh Medical Center Poriya, Affiliated with Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Poriya, Israel. 2. Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Safed, Israel. 3. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Emek Medical Center, Afula, Israel. 4. Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion, Haifa, Israel. 5. Clinical Microbiology Laboratory, Baruch Padeh Medical Center Poriya, Affiliated with Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Poriya, Israel. 6. Immunology Laboratory, Emek Medical Center, Afula, Israel.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), ranges from asymptomatic to severe infection. We aimed to compare the prevalence of COVID-19 in asymptomatic pregnant versus nonpregnant women in order to establish recommendations for a COVID-19 screening strategy. METHODS: A prospective multicenter cohort study was conducted. Asymptomatic pregnant or nonpregnant women after March 2020 (the time when COVID-19 was first detected in north Israel) were tested for SARS-CoV-2 using nasopharyngeal reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction test, anti-nucleocapsid IgG, and anti-spike IgG. Diagnosis was made if at least one test result was positive. Pregnant women were tested between 34 and 42 weeks, mostly at birth. RESULTS: Among the 297 participating women, 152 were pregnant and 145 were nonpregnant. The prevalence of asymptomatic COVID-19 was similar between the groups (4 [2.6%] and 8 [5.5%], respectively; P = 0.2). All women with COVID-19 delivered healthy appropriate-for-gestational-age babies without malformations, at term. CONCLUSIONS: The rate of asymptomatic COVID-19 in pregnant women is low and comparable to the rate among nonpregnant women. Pregnancy outcomes are favorable. Future screening programs should consider that one of 25 screened asymptomatic women will be positive.
OBJECTIVE: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), ranges from asymptomatic to severe infection. We aimed to compare the prevalence of COVID-19 in asymptomatic pregnant versus nonpregnant women in order to establish recommendations for a COVID-19 screening strategy. METHODS: A prospective multicenter cohort study was conducted. Asymptomatic pregnant or nonpregnant women after March 2020 (the time when COVID-19 was first detected in north Israel) were tested for SARS-CoV-2 using nasopharyngeal reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction test, anti-nucleocapsid IgG, and anti-spike IgG. Diagnosis was made if at least one test result was positive. Pregnant women were tested between 34 and 42 weeks, mostly at birth. RESULTS: Among the 297 participating women, 152 were pregnant and 145 were nonpregnant. The prevalence of asymptomatic COVID-19 was similar between the groups (4 [2.6%] and 8 [5.5%], respectively; P = 0.2). All women with COVID-19 delivered healthy appropriate-for-gestational-age babies without malformations, at term. CONCLUSIONS: The rate of asymptomatic COVID-19 in pregnant women is low and comparable to the rate among nonpregnant women. Pregnancy outcomes are favorable. Future screening programs should consider that one of 25 screened asymptomatic women will be positive.
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