Laura Cacciaguerra1, Damiano Mistri2, Paola Valsasina2, Vittorio Martinelli3, Massimo Filippi4, Maria A Rocca5. 1. Neuroimaging Research Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy/Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy. 2. Neuroimaging Research Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy. 3. Neurology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy. 4. Neuroimaging Research Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy/Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy/Neurology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy/Neurorehabilitation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy/Neurophysiology Service, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy. 5. Neuroimaging Research Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy/Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy/Neurology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The precuneus is involved in cognition and depression; static functional connectivity (SFC) abnormalities of this region have been observed in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD). Time-varying functional connectivity (TVC) underpins dynamic variations of brain connectivity. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to explore precuneus SFC and TVC in NMOSD patients and their associations with neuropsychological features. METHODS: This retrospective study includes 27 NMOSD patients and 30 matched healthy controls undergoing resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and a neuropsychological evaluation of cognitive performance and depressive symptoms. A sliding-window correlation analysis using bilateral precuneus as seed region assessed TVC, which was quantified by the standard deviation of connectivity across windows. Mean connectivity indicated SFC. RESULTS: Compared to controls, patients had reduced SFC between precuneus, temporal lobe, putamen and cerebellum, and reduced TVC between precuneus and prefronto-parietal-temporo-occipital cortices and caudate. Patients also had increased intra-precuneal TVC and increased TVC between the precuneus and the temporal cortex. More severe depressive symptoms correlated with increased TVC between the precuneus and the temporal lobe; worse cognitive performance mainly correlated with higher TVC between the precuneus and the parietal lobe. CONCLUSION: TVC rather than SFC of the precuneus correlates with NMOSD neuropsychological features; different TVC abnormalities underlie depressive symptoms and cognitive impairment.
BACKGROUND: The precuneus is involved in cognition and depression; static functional connectivity (SFC) abnormalities of this region have been observed in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD). Time-varying functional connectivity (TVC) underpins dynamic variations of brain connectivity. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to explore precuneus SFC and TVC in NMOSD patients and their associations with neuropsychological features. METHODS: This retrospective study includes 27 NMOSD patients and 30 matched healthy controls undergoing resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and a neuropsychological evaluation of cognitive performance and depressive symptoms. A sliding-window correlation analysis using bilateral precuneus as seed region assessed TVC, which was quantified by the standard deviation of connectivity across windows. Mean connectivity indicated SFC. RESULTS: Compared to controls, patients had reduced SFC between precuneus, temporal lobe, putamen and cerebellum, and reduced TVC between precuneus and prefronto-parietal-temporo-occipital cortices and caudate. Patients also had increased intra-precuneal TVC and increased TVC between the precuneus and the temporal cortex. More severe depressive symptoms correlated with increased TVC between the precuneus and the temporal lobe; worse cognitive performance mainly correlated with higher TVC between the precuneus and the parietal lobe. CONCLUSION: TVC rather than SFC of the precuneus correlates with NMOSD neuropsychological features; different TVC abnormalities underlie depressive symptoms and cognitive impairment.
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