Genome-based reclassification of Anoxybacillus karvacharensis Panosyan et al. as a later heterotypic synonym of Anoxybacillus kestanbolensis Dulger et al. 2004; A. flavithermus subsp. yunnanensis CCTCC AB2010187T Dai et al. 2011 as a later heterotypic synonym of A. tengchongensis DSM 23211T Zhang et al. 2011.

In the present study, we attempted to clarify the taxonomic positions of Anoxybacillus karvacharensis K1T, Anoxybacillus kestanbolensis NCIMB 13971T, Anoxybacillus flavithermus subsp. yunnanensis CCTCC AB2010187T, and Anoxybacillus tengchongensis DSM 23211T using whole-genome phylogenetic analysis. The genome sequence of A. kestanbolensis NCIMB13971T was not available in any database, so it was sequenced in this study. The 16S rRNA gene sequence obtained from the genome of A. kestanbolensis NCIMB13971T had 99.93% similarity with A. karvacharensis K1T. The average nucleotide identity (ANI), average amino acid identity (AAI), and digital DNA-DNA hybridization (DDH) values between A. karvacharensis K1T and A. kestanbolensis NCIMB13971T and between A. flavithermus subsp. yunnanensis CCTCCAB 2010187T and A. tengchongensis DSM 23211T were greater than the threshold values for species demarcation. The present results indicate that A. karvacharensis K1T is a later heterotypic synonym of A. kestanbolensis NCIMB13971T; A. flavithermus subsp. yunnanensis CCTCCAB 2010187T is a later heterotypic synonym of A. tengchongensis DSM 23211T.