| Literature DB >> 35652014 |
Fabrício Bolpato Loures1,2, Rogério Franco de Araújo Góes1, Caio Veloso Gusmão1, Rodrigo Sattamini Pires E Albuquerque3, Pedro José Labronici3.
Abstract
Objective To define the epidemiological profile and the associated comorbidities of patients submitted to total knee arthroplasty (TKA) in two reference hospitals. Materials and Methods During the present cross-sectional observational study, 294 patients submitted to TKA were evaluated in 2 tertiary care hospitals. The diagnosis of self-reported comorbidities was collected by direct interview. The Functional Comorbidity Index (FCI) and the 5-Factor Modified Frailty Index (mFI-5) were calculated. The incidence of comorbidities and their relationship with the calculated indexes were evaluated. Results Most of the patients in the sample were women ( p = 0.000) between the seventh and eighth decades of life. Systemic arterial hypertension was the most common pathology, followed by obesity and diabetes mellitus. The FCI presented a direct relationship with females ( p = 0.038) and obesity ( p < 0.001). The mFI-5 was only associated to obesity ( p = 0.022), demonstrating a higher chance of complications in this group. Conclusion Patients undergoing TKA are essentially carriers of clinical comorbidities that can negatively influence functional results and compromise the safety of the procedure. The identification of risk factors can contribute to the safety and better selection of TKA candidates. Sociedade Brasileira de Ortopedia e Traumatologia. This is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonDerivative-NonCommercial License, permitting copying and reproduction so long as the original work is given appropriate credit. Contents may not be used for commecial purposes, or adapted, remixed, transformed or built upon. ( https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ ).Entities:
Keywords: arthroplasty; comorbidity; epidemiology; knee; postoperative complications
Year: 2021 PMID: 35652014 PMCID: PMC9142232 DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1724080
Source DB: PubMed Journal: Rev Bras Ortop (Sao Paulo) ISSN: 0102-3616
Age statistics
| Age (years) | Female | Male | Global |
|---|---|---|---|
| Average | 69.4 | 68.3 | 69.0 |
| Median | 70.0 | 68.0 | 69.0 |
| Standard deviation | 7.5 | 7.9 | 7.6 |
| Minimum | 40.0 | 43.0 | 40.0 |
| Maximum | 86.0 | 82.0 | 86.0 |
| Range | 46.0 | 39.0 | 46.0 |
| Coefficient of variation | 0.11 | 0.12 | 0.11 |
| Number of cases | 203 | 91 | 294 |
| 0.053 | 0.044 | 0.002 | |
| 0.032 | 0.054 | 0.0011 | |
|
| |||
Distribution accordin g to body mass index
| Weight Classification | Gender | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Female | Male | Global | |
| Low weight | 1 (0.5%) | 0 | 1 (0.3%) |
| Normal weight | 30 (15%) | 18 (20.2%) | 48 (16.6%) |
| Overweight | 65 (32.5%) | 35 (39.3%) | 100 (34.6%) |
| Obesity I | 64 (32.0%) | 29 (32.6%) | 93 (32.2%) |
| Obesity II | 32 (16%) | 6 (6.7%) | 38 (13.1%) |
| Obesity III | 8 (4.0%) | 1 (1.1%) | 9 (3.1%) |
Relative frequency of clinical comorbidities
| Comorbidities | Incidence of comorbidity (%) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Female | Male | Global | ||
| Systemic arterial hypertension | 67.5 | 58.2 | 64.6 | 0.125* |
| Obesity | 52.0 | 40.4 | 48.4 | 0.070* |
| Diabetes mellitus | 14.8 | 14.3 | 14.6 | 0.912* |
| Rheumatoid arthritis | 5.9 | 0.0 | 4.1 | 0.021** |
| Dyslipidemia | 4.4 | 2.2 | 3.7 | 0.512** |
| Cardiopathy | 3.0 | 3.3 | 3.1 | 1.000** |
| Hypothyroidism | 3.9 | 0.0 | 2.7 | 0.062** |
| Asthma | 2.0 | 0.0 | 1.4 | 0.315** |
| Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | 1.0 | 1.1 | 1.0 | 1.000** |
| Glaucoma | 0.5 | 2.2 | 1.0 | 0.227** |
| Venous insufficiency | 1.5 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 0.555** |
Notes: *Chi-squared test; **Fisher exact test.
Fig. 1Distribution of the most common pathologies in the total sample and their distribution by gender.
Frequency of clinical comorbidities by age group
| Age group/Comorbidities | 41–50 years | 51–60 years | 61–70 years | 71–80 years | > 80 years |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| 3 | 36 | 128 | 113 | 14 |
|
| 33.3% | 56.6% | 60.6% | 69.9% | 64.3% |
|
| – | 16.7% | 16.5% | 20.4% | 7.1% |
|
| 33.3% | 16.7% | 0.8% | 1.8% | 7.1% |
|
| – | 2.8% | 3.2% | 4.4% | – |
|
| – | 2.8% | 3.1% | 3.5% | – |
|
| – | 2.8% | 3.1% | 0.9% | 7.1% |
|
| – | 0 | 0.8% | 1.8% | – |
|
| – | 2.8% | 0.8% | 0.9% | – |
|
| – | – | – | 2.7% | – |
|
| – | – | 0.8% | 1.8% | – |
|
| 1.7 ± 0.6 | 1.8 ± 0.6 | 1.8 ± 0.8 | 1.8 ± 0.8 | 1.6 ± 0.5 |
|
| 2.0 | 2.0 | 2.0 | 2.0 | 2.0 |
|
| 0.07 ± 0.12 | 0.16 ± 0.15 | 0.16 ± 0.14 | 0.19 ± 0.13 | 0.14 ± 0.12 |
|
| 0.00 | 0.20 | 0.20 | 0.20 | 0.20 |
Estatísticas de idade
| Idade (anos) | Feminino | Masculino | Global |
|---|---|---|---|
| Média | 69,4 | 68,3 | 69,0 |
| Mediana | 70,0 | 68,0 | 69,0 |
| Desvio padrão | 7,5 | 7,9 | 7,6 |
| Mínimo | 40,0 | 43,0 | 40,0 |
| Máximo | 86,0 | 82,0 | 86,0 |
| Gama | 46,0 | 39,0 | 46,0 |
| Coeficiente de variação | 0,11 | 0,12 | 0,11 |
| Número de casos | 203 | 91 | 294 |
|
Valor de
| 0,053 | 0,044 | 0,002 |
|
Valor de
| 0,032 | 0,054 | 0,0011 |
|
Valor de
|
| ||
Distribuição pelo índice de massa corporal
| Classificação do Peso | Gênero | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Feminino | Masculino | Global | |
| Baixo neso | 1 (0,5%) | 0 | 1 (0,3%) |
| Peso normal | 30 (15%) | 18 (20,2%) | 48 (16,6%) |
| Sobrepeso | 65 (32,5%) | 35 (39,3%) | 100 (34,6%) |
| Obesidade I | 64 (32,0%) | 29 (32,6%) | 93 (32,2%) |
| Obesidade II | 32 (16%) | 6 (6,7%) | 38 (13,1%) |
| Obesidade III | 8 (4,0%) | 1 (1,1%) | 9 (3,1%) |
Frequência relativa das comorbidades clínicas
| Comorbidades | Incidência da comorbidade (%) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Feminino | Masculino | Global | ||
| Hipertensão arterial sistêmica | 67,5 | 58,2 | 64,6 | 0,125* |
| Obesidade | 52,0 | 40,4 | 48,4 | 0,070* |
| Diabetes mellitus | 14,8 | 14,3 | 14,6 | 0,912* |
| Artrite reumatoide | 5,9 | 0,0 | 4,1 | 0,021** |
| Dislipidemia | 4,4 | 2,2 | 3,7 | 0,512** |
| Cardiopatia | 3,0 | 3,3 | 3,1 | 1,000** |
| Hipotireoidismo | 3,9 | 0,0 | 2,7 | 0,062** |
| Asma | 2,0 | 0,0 | 1,4 | 0,315** |
| Doença pulmonar obstrutiva crônica | 1,0 | 1,1 | 1,0 | 1,000** |
| Glaucoma | 0,5 | 2,2 | 1,0 | 0,227** |
| Insuficiência venosa | 1,5 | 0,0 | 1,0 | 0,555** |
Notas: *Teste do qui-quadrado; **teste exato de Fisher.
Fig. 1Distribuição das patologias mais comuns na amostra total e por sexo.
Frequência das comorbidades clínicas por faixa etária
| Faixa etária/Comorbidades | 41–50 anos | 51–60 anos | 61–70 anos | 71–80 anos | > 80 anos |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| 3 | 36 | 128 | 113 | 14 |
|
| 33,3% | 56,6% | 60,6% | 69,9% | 64,3% |
|
| – | 16,7% | 16,5% | 20,4% | 7,1% |
|
| 33,3% | 16,7% | 0,8% | 1,8% | 7,1% |
|
| – | 2,8% | 3,2% | 4,4% | – |
|
| – | 2,8% | 3,1% | 3,5% | – |
|
| – | 2,8% | 3,1% | 0,9% | 7,1% |
|
| – | 0 | 0,8% | 1,8% | – |
|
| – | 2,8% | 0,8% | 0,9% | – |
|
| – | – | – | 2,7% | – |
|
| – | – | 0,8% | 1,8% | – |
|
| 1,7 ± 0,6 | 1,8 ± 0,6 | 1,8 ± 0,8 | 1,8 ± 0,8 | 1,6 ± 0,5 |
|
| 2,0 | 2,0 | 2,0 | 2,0 | 2,0 |
|
| 0,07 ± 0,12 | 0,16 ± 0,15 | 0,16 ± 0,14 | 0,19 ± 0,13 | 0,14 ± 0,12 |
|
| 0,00 | 0,20 | 0,20 | 0,20 | 0,20 |