The effect of polyamines and silver thiosulphate on micropropagation of date palm followed by genetic stability assessment.

There are some limitations in date palm micropropagation. These include low multiplication efficiency, low rooting rate, and high mortality experienced by in vitro raised plantlets during laboratory to soil transfer. The objective of the study was to determine the effect of the polyamines and Silver Thiosulphate (STS) on the enhancement of shoot multiplication and genetic stability of in vitro cultures of date palm cultivar Quntar. Media supplemented with 75 mg L-1 SPD in combination with 10 mg L-1 STS gave the highest percentage of callus producing buds (83.34%) and average bud formation (16.3) per jar. The addition of PUT and STS to the medium was most effective on root formation and the number of roots per shoot, where the best result, 91.67% and 6.37 roots per shoot, respectively, were obtained using 75 mg L-1 PUT and 10 mg L-1 STS, resulting in fast-growing plantlets during acclimatization phase, reaching 80% of plant survival. The genetic fidelity assessment of plants derived from micropropagation was confirmed by RAPD analysis. Four operon primers were used, and all of them showed amplified unambiguous (OPA02, OPC-04, OPD-07, and OPE-15). All generated bands were monomorphic and had no variation among the tissue culture-derived plants tested. Accordingly, these results indicate that adding polyamines and silver thiosulfate to the nutrient medium of date palm cv. Quntar was beneficial to improving shoot organogenesis, rooting, and production of genetically stable date palm plants.