Ye Pan1, You Lu1, Jie-Dong Zhou1, Cui-Xue Wang1, Jin-Quan Wang1, Atsushi Fukunaga2, Junji Yodoi3, Hai Tian4,5. 1. Department of Basic Medicine, Medical College, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, China. 2. Division of Dermatology, Department of Internal Related, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan. 3. Laboratory of Infection and Prevention, Department of Biological Response, Institute for Virus Research, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan. 4. Department of Basic Medicine, Medical College, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, China. tianhai2820044@yahoo.co.jp. 5. Jiaozhimei Biotechnology, CO, Ltd., Shaoxing, China. tianhai2820044@yahoo.co.jp.
Abstract
PURPOSE: Obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) is characterized by recurrent upper airway disturbances during sleep leading to episodes of hypopnea or apnea, followed by hypoxemia and subsequent reoxygenation. It is believed that this reoxygenation/reperfusion stage leads to oxidative stress, which then leads to inflammation and cardiovascular diseases. The treatments of patient with OSAHS include surgical and non-surgical therapies with various side effects and common complaints. Therefore, it is important to develop a new, safe, and effective therapeutic treatment. As a small-molecule multifunctional protein, thioredoxin (TRX) has antioxidant and redox regulatory functions at the active site Cys-Gly-Pro. TRX prevents inflammation by suppressing the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines rather than suppressing the immune response. METHODS: We review the papers on the pathophysiological process of OSAHS and the antioxidative and anti-inflammatory effects of TRX. RESULTS: TRX may play a role in OSAHS by scavenging ROS, blocking the production of inflammatory cytokines, inhibiting the migration and activation of neutrophils, and controlling the activation of ROS-dependent inflammatory signals by regulating the redox state of intracellular target particles. Furthermore, TRX regulates the synthesis, stability, and activity of hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1). TRX also has an inhibitory effect on endoplasmic reticulum- and mitochondria-induced apoptosis by regulating the expression of BAX, BCL2, p53, and ASK1. CONCLUSION: Understanding the function of TRX may be useful for the treatment of OSAHS.
PURPOSE: Obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) is characterized by recurrent upper airway disturbances during sleep leading to episodes of hypopnea or apnea, followed by hypoxemia and subsequent reoxygenation. It is believed that this reoxygenation/reperfusion stage leads to oxidative stress, which then leads to inflammation and cardiovascular diseases. The treatments of patient with OSAHS include surgical and non-surgical therapies with various side effects and common complaints. Therefore, it is important to develop a new, safe, and effective therapeutic treatment. As a small-molecule multifunctional protein, thioredoxin (TRX) has antioxidant and redox regulatory functions at the active site Cys-Gly-Pro. TRX prevents inflammation by suppressing the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines rather than suppressing the immune response. METHODS: We review the papers on the pathophysiological process of OSAHS and the antioxidative and anti-inflammatory effects of TRX. RESULTS: TRX may play a role in OSAHS by scavenging ROS, blocking the production of inflammatory cytokines, inhibiting the migration and activation of neutrophils, and controlling the activation of ROS-dependent inflammatory signals by regulating the redox state of intracellular target particles. Furthermore, TRX regulates the synthesis, stability, and activity of hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1). TRX also has an inhibitory effect on endoplasmic reticulum- and mitochondria-induced apoptosis by regulating the expression of BAX, BCL2, p53, and ASK1. CONCLUSION: Understanding the function of TRX may be useful for the treatment of OSAHS.
Authors: Matthew T V Chan; Chew Yin Wang; Edwin Seet; Stanley Tam; Hou Yee Lai; Eleanor F F Chew; William K K Wu; Benny C P Cheng; Carmen K M Lam; Timothy G Short; David S C Hui; Frances Chung Journal: JAMA Date: 2019-05-14 Impact factor: 56.272
Authors: Paul J Mills; Loki Natarajan; Roland von Känel; Sonia Ancoli-Israel; Joel E Dimsdale Journal: Sleep Breath Date: 2009-06-17 Impact factor: 2.816