Kiriaki Apergi1, Kalliopi Karatzi2, Kyriakos Reppas3, Eva Karaglani3, Natalya Usheva4, Natalia Giménez-Legarre5,6,7, Luis A Moreno5,6,7,8, Roumyana Dimova9, Emese Antal10, Kivelä Jemina11, Greet Cardon12, Violeta Iotova13, Yannis Manios3,14, Konstantinos Makrilakis15. 1. Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University, Athens, Greece. kiapergi@med.uoa.gr. 2. Laboratory of Dietetics and Quality of Life Department Of Food Science & Human Nutrition School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, Agricultural University of Athens, Athens, Greece. 3. Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece. 4. Department of Social Medicine and Health Care, Medical University of Varna, Varna, Bulgaria. 5. Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development Research Group, School of Health Sciences, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain. 6. Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón (IA2), Zaragoza, Spain. 7. Instituto de InvestigAICón Sanitaria de Aragón (IIS Aragón), Zaragoza, Spain. 8. Centro de InvestigAICón Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain. 9. Clinical Center of Endocrinology, Medical University of Sofia, Sofia, Bulgaria. 10. Hungarian Society of Nutrition, Budapest, Hungary. 11. Public Health Promotion Unit, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland. 12. Department of Movement and Sports Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium. 13. Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of Varna, Varna, Bulgaria. 14. Institute of Agri-food and Life Sciences, Hellenic Mediterranean University Research Centre, Heraklion, Greece. 15. Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University, Athens, Greece.
Abstract
PURPOSE: This study aimed to investigate the association of breakfast consumption frequency (BCF) with glycemic control indices in a cross-sectional sample of adults from families at high risk for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), exploring the role of sex and socioeconomic status (SES). METHODS: In 2370 adults (40.8 ± 5.6 years) from 6 European countries, sociodemographic, lifestyle, anthropometric and biochemical characteristics were assessed through standardized procedures. Multivariable regression models were used to examine the association between fasting glucose (FG), fasting insulin (FI), and insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) (dependent variables) with BCF (independent variable) controlling for multiple possible confounders. RESULTS: A linear association of BCF with FG (β = -0.557, 95% CI (-0.834, -0.280)) and a quadratic association with FI and HOMA-IR with the highest point of curve observed at BCF = 2.989 (times/week) and at BCF = 2.746, respectively, independent of the used covariates. In males and in participants of high SES, BCF was linearly and inversely associated with FG, while with FI and HOMA-IR there was an association with BCF in quadratic function. In females, BCF was linearly and inversely associated with FG and HOMA-IR, and there was a quadratic association with FI. In low SES there was only a linear association with FG, yet with no statistically significant findings for FI and HOMA-IR. CONCLUSIONS: Regular breakfast consumption, especially >3 times/week is associated with improved indices of glycemic control. This association was diminished in low SES participants in the presence of the used covariates.
PURPOSE: This study aimed to investigate the association of breakfast consumption frequency (BCF) with glycemic control indices in a cross-sectional sample of adults from families at high risk for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), exploring the role of sex and socioeconomic status (SES). METHODS: In 2370 adults (40.8 ± 5.6 years) from 6 European countries, sociodemographic, lifestyle, anthropometric and biochemical characteristics were assessed through standardized procedures. Multivariable regression models were used to examine the association between fasting glucose (FG), fasting insulin (FI), and insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) (dependent variables) with BCF (independent variable) controlling for multiple possible confounders. RESULTS: A linear association of BCF with FG (β = -0.557, 95% CI (-0.834, -0.280)) and a quadratic association with FI and HOMA-IR with the highest point of curve observed at BCF = 2.989 (times/week) and at BCF = 2.746, respectively, independent of the used covariates. In males and in participants of high SES, BCF was linearly and inversely associated with FG, while with FI and HOMA-IR there was an association with BCF in quadratic function. In females, BCF was linearly and inversely associated with FG and HOMA-IR, and there was a quadratic association with FI. In low SES there was only a linear association with FG, yet with no statistically significant findings for FI and HOMA-IR. CONCLUSIONS: Regular breakfast consumption, especially >3 times/week is associated with improved indices of glycemic control. This association was diminished in low SES participants in the presence of the used covariates.
Authors: Grace Kollannoor-Samuel; Jyoti Chhabra; Maria Luz Fernandez; Sonia Vega-López; Sofia Segura Pérez; Grace Damio; Mariana C Calle; Darrin D'Agostino; Rafael Pérez-Escamilla Journal: J Immigr Minor Health Date: 2011-10
Authors: Pouya Saeedi; Inga Petersohn; Paraskevi Salpea; Belma Malanda; Suvi Karuranga; Nigel Unwin; Stephen Colagiuri; Leonor Guariguata; Ayesha A Motala; Katherine Ogurtsova; Jonathan E Shaw; Dominic Bright; Rhys Williams Journal: Diabetes Res Clin Pract Date: 2019-09-10 Impact factor: 5.602
Authors: J Tuomilehto; J Lindström; J G Eriksson; T T Valle; H Hämäläinen; P Ilanne-Parikka; S Keinänen-Kiukaanniemi; M Laakso; A Louheranta; M Rastas; V Salminen; M Uusitupa Journal: N Engl J Med Date: 2001-05-03 Impact factor: 91.245
Authors: William C Knowler; Sarah E Fowler; Richard F Hamman; Costas A Christophi; Heather J Hoffman; Anne T Brenneman; Janet O Brown-Friday; Ronald Goldberg; Elizabeth Venditti; David M Nathan Journal: Lancet Date: 2009-10-29 Impact factor: 79.321