Vanessa Reguitti1, Jonathan L Poquiz2,3, Kathryn Jackson1, Claire A Coyne2,3,4, Marco A Hidalgo5,6, Catherine Forbes7, Diane Chen2,3,4,8. 1. Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine. 2. Potocsnak Family Division of Adolescent and Young Adult Medicine, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago. 3. Pritzker Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago. 4. Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine. 5. Center for Transyouth Health and Development, Children's Hospital Los Angeles. 6. University of Southern California, Keck School of Medicine. 7. Psychological and Counseling Services, University of New Hampshire. 8. Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine.
Abstract
Objective: Parental acceptance and support are associated with positive psychosocial outcomes among transgender and gender expansive (TGE) adolescents. Understanding the degree of parental acceptance and support of gender identity and expression is an important component of gender affirmative pediatric assessment and can inform intervention. Although there are reliable measures assessing general family support, there are no existing parent self-report measures assessing acceptance and support of their gender expansive children. The present study examines the factor structure of the Parental Attitudes of Gender Expansiveness Scale for Parents (PAGES-P). Methods: Participants included 739 parents who completed the PAGES-P as standard-of-care during their child's gender health clinic visit within a children's hospital in the Midwestern United States. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was used to identify subscales reflected in the PAGES-P. Results: PCA yielded four subscales reflecting the following domains: (1) support and affirmation, (2) guilt and loss, (3) gender concealment, and (4) pride. Conclusions: This study provides preliminary evidence of the factor structure of the PAGES-P. The resulting subscales lend insight into the thoughts and behaviors of parents of TGE youth and can inform clinical practice to facilitate parental support and promote overall well-being in TGE youth.
Objective: Parental acceptance and support are associated with positive psychosocial outcomes among transgender and gender expansive (TGE) adolescents. Understanding the degree of parental acceptance and support of gender identity and expression is an important component of gender affirmative pediatric assessment and can inform intervention. Although there are reliable measures assessing general family support, there are no existing parent self-report measures assessing acceptance and support of their gender expansive children. The present study examines the factor structure of the Parental Attitudes of Gender Expansiveness Scale for Parents (PAGES-P). Methods: Participants included 739 parents who completed the PAGES-P as standard-of-care during their child's gender health clinic visit within a children's hospital in the Midwestern United States. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was used to identify subscales reflected in the PAGES-P. Results: PCA yielded four subscales reflecting the following domains: (1) support and affirmation, (2) guilt and loss, (3) gender concealment, and (4) pride. Conclusions: This study provides preliminary evidence of the factor structure of the PAGES-P. The resulting subscales lend insight into the thoughts and behaviors of parents of TGE youth and can inform clinical practice to facilitate parental support and promote overall well-being in TGE youth.
Authors: Sari L Reisner; Ralph Vetters; M Leclerc; Shayne Zaslow; Sarah Wolfrum; Daniel Shumer; Matthew J Mimiaga Journal: J Adolesc Health Date: 2015-01-07 Impact factor: 5.012
Authors: Diane Chen; Marco A Hidalgo; Scott Leibowitz; Jennifer Leininger; Lisa Simons; Courtney Finlayson; Robert Garofalo Journal: Transgend Health Date: 2016-07-01