Diagnostic Accuracy of Diabetes in Pregnancy Study Group of India with Carpenter-Coustan and National Diabetes Data Group Criteria for Diagnosis of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus and Correlation with Fetomaternal Outcome.

Background: No previous study compared ACOG and DIPSI criteria for diagnosing gestational diabetes (GDM). This study compared diagnostic accuracy of Diabetes in pregnancy study group of India (DIPSI) with Carpenter-Coustan (CC) and National Diabetes Data Group (NDDG) criteria for diagnosis of GDM and correlation with fetomaternal outcome.
Methods: A total of 1029 pregnant women underwent 2 h 75 g OGTT in non-fasting state. After 3-7 days, women were called in fasting state and subjected to 100 g OGTT and fasting, 1, 2, 3 h samples were taken. GDM was diagnosed using DIPSI, CC and NDDG criteria. All women were followed till delivery, and fetomaternal outcome was noted.
Results: 10.4% (107) women were diagnosed as GDM by DIPSI, 6.4% (66) by CC and 3.1% (32) by NDDG criteria. Sensitivity of DIPSI with CC was 98.48%, specificity was 95.64%, and diagnostic accuracy was 95.82%. Sensitivity of DIPSI with NDDG was 99.89%, specificity was 92.38%, and diagnostic accuracy was 95.52%. Sensitivity of NDDG with CC was 48.48%, specificity was 100%, and diagnostic accuracy was 96.7%. Women with GDM by all three criteria were seen to have a significantly higher proportion of LSCS, higher birth weight and macrosomia compared to normoglycemic women (p value < 0.001).
Conclusion: Diagnostic accuracy, sensitivity and specificity of DIPSI are comparable to CC and NDDG criteria; therefore, DIPSI can be recommended for diagnosing GDM with added advantage of low cost, simplicity and convenience. Women diagnosed as GDM by DIPSI, CC and NDDG had significantly higher rate of cesarean delivery, higher birth weight and macrosomia as compared to women with normoglycemia. © Federation of Obstetric & Gynecological Societies of India 2021.