OBJECTIVES: Industrially produced trans fatty acid (iTFA) have adverse health effects and thus their consumption should be limited. The aim of this study was to determine and compare the iTFA content in frequently consumed food products by young adults from the Serbian and Slovenian market with supposedly elevated iTFA content in 2015. At the time of this study, there was no recommended limit of iTFA in both countries, and reduction of iTFA in foods was on voluntary basis. METHODS: We determined iTFA content in food products, 19 from the Serbian and 22 from the Slovenian market, blinded and analysed in the same analytical run. Contents of fatty acids (FA) methyl esters were analysed by capillary gas chromatography with a flame ionisation detector. Heptadecanoic acid was used as internal standard. Individual FA along with TFA were expressed as percentages of total measured FA. The amount of each FA in the sample was then calculated from the response factor and the transformation factor of the FA from the FA methyl ester content. RESULTS: Elaidic acid (C18:1t) was found as the most abundant TFA in analysed products, ranging from 0.52 g/100 g of total FA in chocolate candy up to 60.4 g/100 g in a salami from Serbian market. In Slovenian products, the values for elaidic acid were lower, 0.04-3.95 g/100 g of total FA, except in one type of wafers (24.3 g/100 g). CONCLUSIONS: The majority of analysed products from the Serbian and three from Slovenian market exceeded the recommended WHO and EU limit of 2% iTFA of total fat in foods. Samples of frequently consumed salami, wafers, tea biscuits, and snacks were identified as products with potentially higher burden of iTFA in diets of young adults in Serbia.
OBJECTIVES: Industrially produced trans fatty acid (iTFA) have adverse health effects and thus their consumption should be limited. The aim of this study was to determine and compare the iTFA content in frequently consumed food products by young adults from the Serbian and Slovenian market with supposedly elevated iTFA content in 2015. At the time of this study, there was no recommended limit of iTFA in both countries, and reduction of iTFA in foods was on voluntary basis. METHODS: We determined iTFA content in food products, 19 from the Serbian and 22 from the Slovenian market, blinded and analysed in the same analytical run. Contents of fatty acids (FA) methyl esters were analysed by capillary gas chromatography with a flame ionisation detector. Heptadecanoic acid was used as internal standard. Individual FA along with TFA were expressed as percentages of total measured FA. The amount of each FA in the sample was then calculated from the response factor and the transformation factor of the FA from the FA methyl ester content. RESULTS: Elaidic acid (C18:1t) was found as the most abundant TFA in analysed products, ranging from 0.52 g/100 g of total FA in chocolate candy up to 60.4 g/100 g in a salami from Serbian market. In Slovenian products, the values for elaidic acid were lower, 0.04-3.95 g/100 g of total FA, except in one type of wafers (24.3 g/100 g). CONCLUSIONS: The majority of analysed products from the Serbian and three from Slovenian market exceeded the recommended WHO and EU limit of 2% iTFA of total fat in foods. Samples of frequently consumed salami, wafers, tea biscuits, and snacks were identified as products with potentially higher burden of iTFA in diets of young adults in Serbia.
Entities:
Keywords:
Serbia; Slovenia; confectionary products; fast food; snacks; trans fatty acids
Authors: Arne Astrup; Hanne Cs Bertram; Jean-Philippe Bonjour; Lisette Cp de Groot; Marcia C de Oliveira Otto; Emma L Feeney; Manohar L Garg; Ian Givens; Frans J Kok; Ronald M Krauss; Benoît Lamarche; Jean-Michel Lecerf; Philippe Legrand; Michelle McKinley; Renata Micha; Marie-Caroline Michalski; Dariush Mozaffarian; Sabita S Soedamah-Muthu Journal: BMJ Date: 2019-07-03
Authors: Véronique Chajès; Carine Biessy; Pietro Ferrari; Isabelle Romieu; Heinz Freisling; Inge Huybrechts; Augustin Scalbert; Bas Bueno de Mesquita; Dora Romaguera; Marc J Gunter; Paolo Vineis; Camilla Plambeck Hansen; Marianne Uhre Jakobsen; Françoise Clavel-Chapelon; Guy Fagherazzi; Marie-Christine Boutron-Ruault; Verana Katzke; Jasmine Neamat-Allah; Heiner Boeing; Ursula Bachlechner; Antonia Trichopoulou; Androniki Naska; Philippos Orfanos; Valeria Pala; Giovanna Masala; Amalia Mattiello; Guri Skeie; Elisabete Weiderpass; Antonio Agudo; Jose Maria Huerta; Eva Ardanaz; Maria Jose Sánchez; Miren Dorronsoro; Jose Ramon Quirós; Ingegerd Johansson; Anna Winkvist; Emily Sonested; Tim Key; Kay-Tee Khaw; Nicolas J Wareham; Petra H M Peeters; Nadia Slimani Journal: PLoS One Date: 2015-02-12 Impact factor: 3.240
Authors: Russell J de Souza; Andrew Mente; Adriana Maroleanu; Adrian I Cozma; Vanessa Ha; Teruko Kishibe; Elizabeth Uleryk; Patrick Budylowski; Holger Schünemann; Joseph Beyene; Sonia S Anand Journal: BMJ Date: 2015-08-11