Regenerative Medicine Application of Mesenchymal Stem Cells.

Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) has recently generated interest in regenerative medicine. For the definition of MSC, three criteria have been proposed - plastic adherent property, specific surface antigens, and multipotent differentiation capacity. MSC exists in almost all tissues such as synovium, fat, liver, dental pulp, cord blood, Wharton's jelly, and also differentiates into osteoblast, chondrocyte, adipocyte, epithelial, and neuron cells originating from three germ layers. The use of different MSCs for regenerative therapies has been studied over the years as a promising option for treatment of tissue damages and various diseases. Here, the most frequently applied and newly developed stem cell-based techniques are designated, and recent MSC applications knowledge for regenerative medicine in the field are explained.