Ellaheh Gohari1, Raeanne C Moore2, Colin A Depp2, Robert A Ackerman3, Amy E Pinkham4, Philip D Harvey5. 1. American Heritage School, Plantation, FL, United States. 2. Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, CA, United States; VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, United States. 3. School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX, United States. 4. School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX, United States; Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical School, Dallas, TX, United States. 5. Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, 1120 NW 14th Street, Suite 1450, Miami, FL 33136 United States; Research Service, Miami VA Healthcare System, Miami, FL, United States. Electronic address: pharvey@miami.edu.
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: Schizophrenia participants generate self-reports of their competencies that differ from objective information. They may base their reports on momentary moods or experiences rather than objective data. Theories of delusion formation implicate overconfidence during self-assessment as a cause. METHODS: Ecological momentary assessment (EMA) was used to sample activities and experiences in 101 participants with schizophrenia up to 3 times a day for 30 days. Each survey asked where and with whom they were, what they were doing, and moods and psychotic symptoms they were experiencing. Self-reports and observer ratings of competence in work and everyday activities were collected. RESULTS: Being home was associated with self-reports of better functioning in activities and work skills (p<.001) and being alone correlated with better self-reported functioning in activities (p<.001). Participants who reported more occurrences of hearing voices, paranoid ideation, and other psychotic symptoms reported their functioning as better (p<.001). IMPLICATIONS: Schizophrenia was marked by a disconnect between momentary activities and self-assessments. Being home more was associated with better self-reported functioning on tasks that are only performed away from home. Psychotic symptoms were associated with overestimation, consistent with previous theories positing that overconfidence and suspension of plausibility assessment may be associated with psychotic experiences.
OBJECTIVES: Schizophrenia participants generate self-reports of their competencies that differ from objective information. They may base their reports on momentary moods or experiences rather than objective data. Theories of delusion formation implicate overconfidence during self-assessment as a cause. METHODS: Ecological momentary assessment (EMA) was used to sample activities and experiences in 101 participants with schizophrenia up to 3 times a day for 30 days. Each survey asked where and with whom they were, what they were doing, and moods and psychotic symptoms they were experiencing. Self-reports and observer ratings of competence in work and everyday activities were collected. RESULTS: Being home was associated with self-reports of better functioning in activities and work skills (p<.001) and being alone correlated with better self-reported functioning in activities (p<.001). Participants who reported more occurrences of hearing voices, paranoid ideation, and other psychotic symptoms reported their functioning as better (p<.001). IMPLICATIONS: Schizophrenia was marked by a disconnect between momentary activities and self-assessments. Being home more was associated with better self-reported functioning on tasks that are only performed away from home. Psychotic symptoms were associated with overestimation, consistent with previous theories positing that overconfidence and suspension of plausibility assessment may be associated with psychotic experiences.
Authors: Christopher R Bowie; Elizabeth W Twamley; Hannah Anderson; Brooke Halpern; Thomas L Patterson; Philip D Harvey Journal: J Psychiatr Res Date: 2006-10-02 Impact factor: 4.791
Authors: Steffen Moritz; Christina Andreou; Brooke C Schneider; Charlotte E Wittekind; Mahesh Menon; Ryan P Balzan; Todd S Woodward Journal: Clin Psychol Rev Date: 2014-05-06
Authors: Paula Haffner; Esther Quinlivan; Jana Fiebig; Lene-Marie Sondergeld; Elisa Sophie Strasser; Mazda Adli; Steffen Moritz; Thomas Josef Stamm Journal: Clin Psychol Psychother Date: 2017-08-30
Authors: Eric Granholm; Jason L Holden; Tanya Mikhael; Peter C Link; Joel Swendsen; Colin Depp; Raeanne C Moore; Philip D Harvey Journal: Schizophr Bull Date: 2020-02-26 Impact factor: 9.306
Authors: Steffen Moritz; Nora Ramdani; Helena Klass; Christina Andreou; David Jungclaussen; Sarah Eifler; Susanne Englisch; Frederike Schirmbeck; Mathias Zink Journal: Schizophr Res Cogn Date: 2014-12-08
Authors: Michelle M Perez; Bianca A Tercero; Fiorella Durand; Felicia Gould; Raeanne C Moore; Colin A Depp; Robert A Ackerman; Amy E Pinkham; Philip D Harvey Journal: Psychiatry Res Commun Date: 2022-06-26