Michael R Mallmann1, Ulrich Gembruch2. 1. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital of Cologne, Kerpener Str. 34, 50924, Cologne, Germany. michael.mallmann@uk-koeln.de. 2. Department of Obstetrics and Prenatal Medicine, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Fetal genital malformations represent a rare and heterogeneous group of congenital malformations of the disorders of sexual development (DSD) spectrum. METHODS: A thorough literature review on the main topics in the prenatal approach towards DSD was conducted. RESULTS: First, a thorough overview on prenatal characteristics of the most common fetal genital malformations of ovaries, uterus and external genitalia, and second, a standardized approach for differential diagnosis in the presence of direct and indirect prenatal signs of DSDs. CONCLUSIONS: This review is mainly directed towards the aspects of female genital malformations with aspects of male DSD explained as well to aid in the prenatal differential diagnosis.
INTRODUCTION: Fetal genital malformations represent a rare and heterogeneous group of congenital malformations of the disorders of sexual development (DSD) spectrum. METHODS: A thorough literature review on the main topics in the prenatal approach towards DSD was conducted. RESULTS: First, a thorough overview on prenatal characteristics of the most common fetal genital malformations of ovaries, uterus and external genitalia, and second, a standardized approach for differential diagnosis in the presence of direct and indirect prenatal signs of DSDs. CONCLUSIONS: This review is mainly directed towards the aspects of female genital malformations with aspects of male DSD explained as well to aid in the prenatal differential diagnosis.
Authors: Fred E Avni; Heloise Lerisson; Maria-Luisa Lobo; Maryse Cartigny; Marcello Napolitano; Hans-J Mentzel; Michael Riccabona; Magdalena Wozniak; Damjana Kljucevsek; Thomas A Augdal; Bruno Constanza; Donald Ibe; Kassa Darge; Samuel Stafrace; Philippe Petit; Lil-Sofie Ording Muller Journal: Pediatr Radiol Date: 2019-05-23
Authors: F Bascietto; M Liberati; L Marrone; A Khalil; G Pagani; S Gustapane; M Leombroni; D Buca; M E Flacco; G Rizzo; G Acharya; L Manzoli; F D'Antonio Journal: Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol Date: 2017-06-07 Impact factor: 7.299