Floris Wardenaar 1 , Scott Armistead 1 , Kayla Boeckman 1 , Brooke Butterick 1 , Darya Youssefi 1 , Daniel Thompsett 1 , Kaila Vento 1 Show Affiliations »
Abstract
CONTEXT: Urine color (Uc) is used to asses urine concentration when laboratory techniques are not feasible. OBJECTIVE: To compare the accuracy of Uc scoring using 4 light conditions and 2 scoring techniques with a 7-color Uc chart. Additionally, to assess the results' generalizability, a subsample was compared with scores obtained from fresh samples. DESIGN: Descriptive laboratory study. SAMPLES: A total of 178 previously frozen urine samples were scored, and 78 samples were compared with their own fresh outcomes. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Urine color and accuracy for classifying urine samples were calculated using receiver operating characteristics analysis, allowing us to compare the diagnostic capacity against a 1.020 urine specific gravity cutoff and defining optimal Uc cutoff value. RESULTS: Urine color was different among light conditions (P < .01), with the highest accuracy (80.3%) of correct classifications of low or high urine concentrations occurring at the brightest light condition. Lower light intensity scored 1.5 to 2 shades darker on the 7-color Uc scale than bright conditions (P < .001), but no further practical differences in accuracy occurred between scoring techniques. Frozen was 0.5 to 1 shade darker than freshly measured Uc (P < .004), but the values were moderately correlated (r = 0.64). A Bland-Altman plot showed that reporting bias mainly affected darker Uc without affecting the diagnostic ability of the method. CONCLUSIONS: Urine color scoring, accuracy, and Uc cutoff values were affected by lighting condition but not by scoring technique, with greater accuracy and a 1-shade-lower Uc cutoff value at the brightest light (ie, light-emitting diode flashlight). © by the National Athletic Trainers' Association, Inc.
CONTEXT: Urine color (Uc) is used to asses urine concentration when laboratory techniques are not feasible. OBJECTIVE: To compare the accuracy of Uc scoring using 4 light conditions and 2 scoring techniques with a 7-color Uc chart. Additionally, to assess the results' generalizability, a subsample was compared with scores obtained from fresh samples. DESIGN: Descriptive laboratory study. SAMPLES: A total of 178 previously frozen urine samples were scored, and 78 samples were compared with their own fresh outcomes. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Urine color and accuracy for classifying urine samples were calculated using receiver operating characteristics analysis, allowing us to compare the diagnostic capacity against a 1.020 urine specific gravity cutoff and defining optimal Uc cutoff value. RESULTS: Urine color was different among light conditions (P < .01), with the highest accuracy (80.3%) of correct classifications of low or high urine concentrations occurring at the brightest light condition. Lower light intensity scored 1.5 to 2 shades darker on the 7-color Uc scale than bright conditions (P < .001), but no further practical differences in accuracy occurred between scoring techniques. Frozen was 0.5 to 1 shade darker than freshly measured Uc (P < .004), but the values were moderately correlated (r = 0.64). A Bland-Altman plot showed that reporting bias mainly affected darker Uc without affecting the diagnostic ability of the method. CONCLUSIONS: Urine color scoring, accuracy, and Uc cutoff values were affected by lighting condition but not by scoring technique, with greater accuracy and a 1-shade-lower Uc cutoff value at the brightest light (ie, light-emitting diode flashlight). © by the National Athletic Trainers' Association, Inc.
Entities: Chemical
Keywords:
assessment of hydration status; fluid intake monitoring; hydration education; hydration status
Mesh： See more »
Year: 2022
PMID： 35201303 PMCID： PMC8876881 DOI： 10.4085/1062-6050-0389.21
Source DB: PubMed Journal: J Athl Train ISSN： 1062-6050 Impact factor: 2.860