Daeeun Kim1, Annie Green Howard2, Estela Blanco3, Raquel Burrows4, Paulina Correa-Burrows4, Aylin Memili1, Cecilia Albala4, José L Santos5, Bárbara Angel4, Betsy Lozoff6, Anne E Justice7, Penny Gordon-Larsen8, Sheila Gahagan9, Kari E North10. 1. Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA. 2. Department of Biostatistics, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA; Carolina Population Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA. 3. Division of Academic General Pediatrics, Child Development and Community Health at the Center for Community Health, University of California at San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA; Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile. 4. Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile. 5. Department of Nutrition, Diabetes and Metabolism, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile. 6. Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA. 7. Department of Population Health Sciences, Geisinger, Danville, PA, USA. 8. Carolina Population Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA; Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health & School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, USA. 9. Division of Academic General Pediatrics, Child Development and Community Health at the Center for Community Health, University of California at San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA. 10. Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA. Electronic address: kari_north@unc.edu.
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Adipose tissue secretes adipokines such as adiponectin and leptin, playing important roles in energy metabolism. The longitudinal associations between such adipokines and body fat accumulation have not been established, especially during adolescence and young adulthood and in diverse populations. The study aims to assess the longitudinal association between body fat measured with dual X-ray absorptiometry and plasma adipokines from adolescence to young adulthood. METHODS AND RESULTS: Among Hispanic/Latino participants (N = 537) aged 16.8 (SD: 0.3) years of the Santiago Longitudinal Study, we implemented structural equation modeling to estimate the sex-specific associations between adiposity (body fat percent (BF%) and proportion of trunk fat (PTF)) and adipokines (adiponectin and leptin levels) during adolescence (16 y) and these values after 6 years of follow-up (22 y). In addition, we further investigated whether the associations differed by baseline insulin resistance (IR) status. We found evidence for associations between 16 y BF% and 22 y leptin levels (β (SE): 0.58 (0.06) for females; 0.53 (0.05) for males), between 16 y PTF and 22 y adiponectin levels (β (SE): -0.31 (0.06) for females; -0.18 (0.06) for males) and between 16 y adiponectin levels and 22 y BF% (β (SE): 0.12 (0.04) for both females and males). CONCLUSION: We observed dynamic relationships between adiposity and adipokines levels from late adolescence to young adulthood in a Hispanic/Latino population further demonstrating the importance of this period of the life course in the development of obesity.
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Adipose tissue secretes adipokines such as adiponectin and leptin, playing important roles in energy metabolism. The longitudinal associations between such adipokines and body fat accumulation have not been established, especially during adolescence and young adulthood and in diverse populations. The study aims to assess the longitudinal association between body fat measured with dual X-ray absorptiometry and plasma adipokines from adolescence to young adulthood. METHODS AND RESULTS: Among Hispanic/Latino participants (N = 537) aged 16.8 (SD: 0.3) years of the Santiago Longitudinal Study, we implemented structural equation modeling to estimate the sex-specific associations between adiposity (body fat percent (BF%) and proportion of trunk fat (PTF)) and adipokines (adiponectin and leptin levels) during adolescence (16 y) and these values after 6 years of follow-up (22 y). In addition, we further investigated whether the associations differed by baseline insulin resistance (IR) status. We found evidence for associations between 16 y BF% and 22 y leptin levels (β (SE): 0.58 (0.06) for females; 0.53 (0.05) for males), between 16 y PTF and 22 y adiponectin levels (β (SE): -0.31 (0.06) for females; -0.18 (0.06) for males) and between 16 y adiponectin levels and 22 y BF% (β (SE): 0.12 (0.04) for both females and males). CONCLUSION: We observed dynamic relationships between adiposity and adipokines levels from late adolescence to young adulthood in a Hispanic/Latino population further demonstrating the importance of this period of the life course in the development of obesity.
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