Caio Luiz Bitencourt Reis1,2, Magali de Fátima Pereira Madureira2, Caio Luis Rocha Cunha2, Wagner Costa Rossi Junior3, Tomaz Henrique Araújo4, Alessandra Esteves3, Maria Bernadete Sasso Stuani1, Christian Kirschneck5, Peter Proff5, Mírian Aiko Nakane Matsumoto1, Erika Calvano Küchler1,5, Daniela Silva Barroso de Oliveira6. 1. Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil. 2. Department of Clinic and Surgery, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Alfenas, Rua Gabriel Monteiro da Silva, 700, Centro, Alfenas, Minas Gerais, 37130-001, Alfenas, Brazil. 3. Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Department of Anatomy, Federal University of Alfenas, Alfenas, Brazil. 4. Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Department Structural Biology, Federal University of Alfenas, Alfenas, Brazil. 5. Department of Orthodontics, University Medical Centre of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany. 6. Department of Clinic and Surgery, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Alfenas, Rua Gabriel Monteiro da Silva, 700, Centro, Alfenas, Minas Gerais, 37130-001, Alfenas, Brazil. daniela.oliveira@unifal-mg.edu.br.
Abstract
AIM: Hormones play a crucial role in growth development; however, the impact of testosterone suppression (TS) on craniofacial growth during puberty remains inconclusive. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of TS during puberty on cephalometric measurements and histological characteristics of facial growth centers. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty-six heterogenic Wistar male rats were randomly allocated into experimental orchiectomy (ORX) and control (sham) groups. At an age of 23 days (prepubertal stage), orchiectomy and placebo surgery were performed. Cephalometric measurements were performed via lateral cephalograms during and after puberty. The animals were euthanized at an age of 45 days (pubertal stage) and 73 days (postpubertal stage). Histological slices of the growth centers (condyle, premaxilla, and median palatine suture) were stained with hematoxylin and eosin, and sirius red. Student's t or Mann-Whitney U tests were used to compare linear and angular cephalometric measurements across groups (α error = 5%). RESULTS: Linear and angular measurements were statistically different in ORX animals (cranial bones, maxilla, and mandible) at 45 days and 73 days. Condylar histology showed a decrease in prechondroblast differentiation and a delay of mineralization in ORX animals. Vascularization of the medium palatine suture was lower in the ORX group at 45 days. Type I and III collagen fiber synthesis was lower in the ORX groups. In the premaxillary suture, collagen fibers were better organized in the sham groups. CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that testosterone suppression affects craniofacial growth during puberty.
AIM: Hormones play a crucial role in growth development; however, the impact of testosterone suppression (TS) on craniofacial growth during puberty remains inconclusive. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of TS during puberty on cephalometric measurements and histological characteristics of facial growth centers. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty-six heterogenic Wistar male rats were randomly allocated into experimental orchiectomy (ORX) and control (sham) groups. At an age of 23 days (prepubertal stage), orchiectomy and placebo surgery were performed. Cephalometric measurements were performed via lateral cephalograms during and after puberty. The animals were euthanized at an age of 45 days (pubertal stage) and 73 days (postpubertal stage). Histological slices of the growth centers (condyle, premaxilla, and median palatine suture) were stained with hematoxylin and eosin, and sirius red. Student's t or Mann-Whitney U tests were used to compare linear and angular cephalometric measurements across groups (α error = 5%). RESULTS: Linear and angular measurements were statistically different in ORX animals (cranial bones, maxilla, and mandible) at 45 days and 73 days. Condylar histology showed a decrease in prechondroblast differentiation and a delay of mineralization in ORX animals. Vascularization of the medium palatine suture was lower in the ORX group at 45 days. Type I and III collagen fiber synthesis was lower in the ORX groups. In the premaxillary suture, collagen fibers were better organized in the sham groups. CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that testosterone suppression affects craniofacial growth during puberty.
Authors: Andrea Salonia; Giulia Rastrelli; Geoffrey Hackett; Stephanie B Seminara; Ilpo T Huhtaniemi; Rodolfo A Rey; Wayne J G Hellstrom; Mark R Palmert; Giovanni Corona; Gert R Dohle; Mohit Khera; Yee-Ming Chan; Mario Maggi Journal: Nat Rev Dis Primers Date: 2019-05-30 Impact factor: 52.329
Authors: Wael A Salameh; Mildred M Redor-Goldman; Nigel J Clarke; Richard E Reitz; Michael P Caulfield Journal: Steroids Date: 2009-11-17 Impact factor: 2.668
Authors: Dirk Vanderschueren; Michaël R Laurent; Frank Claessens; Evelien Gielen; Marie K Lagerquist; Liesbeth Vandenput; Anna E Börjesson; Claes Ohlsson Journal: Endocr Rev Date: 2014-09-09 Impact factor: 19.871