Erika Calvano Küchler1, Caio Luiz Bitencourt Reis2, Julia Carelli3, Rafaela Scariot4, Paulo Nelson-Filho5, Ricardo D Coletta6, Aleysson Olimpio Paza3, Mírian Aiko Nakane Matsumoto5, Peter Proff1, Christian Kirschneck1. 1. Department of Orthodontics, University Medical Centre of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany. 2. Department of Clinic and Surgery, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Alfenas, Alfenas, Brazil. 3. Department of Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Univille (Joinville University), Joinville, Brazil. 4. Department of Stomatology, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil. 5. Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, USP - Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil. 6. Department of Oral Diagnosis, School of Dentistry of Piracicaba, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To investigate SNPs in bone- and cartilage-related genes and their interaction in the aetiology of sagittal and vertical skeletal malocclusions. SETTINGS AND SAMPLE POPULATION: This study included 143 patients and classified as follows: skeletal class I (n = 77), class II (n = 47) and class III (n = 19); maxillary retrusion (n = 39), protrusion (n = 52) and well-positioned maxilla (n = 52); mandibular retrognathism (n = 50), prognathism (n = 50) and well-positioned mandible (n = 43); normofacial (n = 72), dolichofacial (n = 55) and brachyfacial (n = 16). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Steiner's ANB, SNA, SNB angles and Ricketts' NBa-PtGn angle were measured to determine the skeletal malocclusion and the vertical pattern. Nine SNPs in BMP2, BMP4, SMAD6, RUNX2, WNT3A and WNT11 were genotyped. Chi-squared test was used to compare genotypes among the groups. Multifactor dimensionality reduction (MDR) and binary logistic regression analysis, both using gender and age as co-variables, were also used. We performed Bonferroni correction for multiple testing. RESULTS: Significant associations at P < .05 were observed for SNPs rs1005464 (P = .042) and rs235768 (P = .021) in BMP2 with mandibular retrognathism and for rs59983488 (RUNX2) with maxillary protrusion (P = .04) as well as for rs708111 (WNT3A) with skeletal class III (P = .02; dominant model), rs1533767 (WNT11) with a brachyfacial skeletal pattern (P = .01, OR = 0.10; dominant model) and for rs3934908 (SMAD6) with prognathism (P = .02; recessive model). After the Bonferroni correction, none of the SNPs remained associated. The MDR predicted some interaction for skeletal class II, dolichofacial and brachyfacial phenotypes. CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that SNPs in BMP2, BMP4, SMAD6, RUNX2, WNT3A and WNT11 could be involved in the aetiology of sagittal and vertical malocclusions.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate SNPs in bone- and cartilage-related genes and their interaction in the aetiology of sagittal and vertical skeletal malocclusions. SETTINGS AND SAMPLE POPULATION: This study included 143 patients and classified as follows: skeletal class I (n = 77), class II (n = 47) and class III (n = 19); maxillary retrusion (n = 39), protrusion (n = 52) and well-positioned maxilla (n = 52); mandibular retrognathism (n = 50), prognathism (n = 50) and well-positioned mandible (n = 43); normofacial (n = 72), dolichofacial (n = 55) and brachyfacial (n = 16). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Steiner's ANB, SNA, SNB angles and Ricketts' NBa-PtGn angle were measured to determine the skeletal malocclusion and the vertical pattern. Nine SNPs in BMP2, BMP4, SMAD6, RUNX2, WNT3A and WNT11 were genotyped. Chi-squared test was used to compare genotypes among the groups. Multifactor dimensionality reduction (MDR) and binary logistic regression analysis, both using gender and age as co-variables, were also used. We performed Bonferroni correction for multiple testing. RESULTS: Significant associations at P < .05 were observed for SNPs rs1005464 (P = .042) and rs235768 (P = .021) in BMP2 with mandibular retrognathism and for rs59983488 (RUNX2) with maxillary protrusion (P = .04) as well as for rs708111 (WNT3A) with skeletal class III (P = .02; dominant model), rs1533767 (WNT11) with a brachyfacial skeletal pattern (P = .01, OR = 0.10; dominant model) and for rs3934908 (SMAD6) with prognathism (P = .02; recessive model). After the Bonferroni correction, none of the SNPs remained associated. The MDR predicted some interaction for skeletal class II, dolichofacial and brachyfacial phenotypes. CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that SNPs in BMP2, BMP4, SMAD6, RUNX2, WNT3A and WNT11 could be involved in the aetiology of sagittal and vertical malocclusions.
Authors: Bernardo Olsson; Mateus José da Silva; Camila Lago; Robson Diego Calixto; Lucas Alexandre Ramazzotto; Nelson Luis Barbosa Rebellato; Christian Kirschneck; Francisco Wanderley Garcia Paula-Silva; Erika Calvano Küchler; Rafaela Scariot Journal: Ann Maxillofac Surg Date: 2022-02-01