Minu Bajpai1, Kanika Sharma2, Siddharth Kapahtia3, Pradeep K Chaturvedi4, Rakesh Kumar5, Manisha Jana6, Sada N Dwivedi7. 1. Department of Pediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, 110029, India. bajpai2b@gmail.com. 2. Department of Pediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, 110029, India. 3. Division of Non-Communicable Diseases, Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR), New Delhi, India. 4. Department of Reproductive Biology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India. 5. Department of Nuclear Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India. 6. Department of Radiodiagnosis, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India. 7. Department of Biostatistics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Patients with asymptomatic prenatally diagnosed hydronephrosis may progress to needing surgery; no biomarker supporting the identification of these cases is currently available. The aim of the study was to assess the role of Plasma Renin Activity (PRA) as a discriminatory factor to identify patients with asymptomatic prenatally diagnosed hydronephrosis who require close monitoring and are at-risk for surgery. METHODS: The study group consists of 30 children prenatally diagnosed with asymptomatic unilateral hydronephrosis, initially managed with medical follow-up. Pyeloplasty was indicated if patients became symptomatic or if there was a significant drop in split renal function (SRF) during follow-up. An association was sought between PRA and renal parameters in post-hoc analysis. RESULTS: During the mean follow-up of 55.5 ± 8.2 months, 13/30 (43.3%) patients developed delayed drainage and 8/30 (26.6%) underwent pyeloplasty. Mean PRA was higher at presentation in the group which later presented with a drop in differential kidney function ≥ 10%, while it was within the normal range for age in the other patients. Before pyeloplasty, progression to delayed drainage coincided with a drop in SRF and a rise in PRA. While PRA levels normalized after pyeloplasty, SRF improved but did not reach initial values. A mean rise of 68.9% in PRA preceded current indications for surgery by 27.5 ± 9.5 months. CONCLUSIONS: A progressive increase in PRA in children with asymptomatic prenatally diagnosed hydronephrosis reflects obstructive stress in the tubulo-interstitial compartment. This stress is relieved by pyeloplasty and is reflected by a drop in PRA after surgery. PRA can, thus, serve as the discriminatory factor to identify hydronephrosis patients 'at-risk' for surgery even before the current criteria for pyeloplasty are met.
BACKGROUND: Patients with asymptomatic prenatally diagnosed hydronephrosis may progress to needing surgery; no biomarker supporting the identification of these cases is currently available. The aim of the study was to assess the role of Plasma Renin Activity (PRA) as a discriminatory factor to identify patients with asymptomatic prenatally diagnosed hydronephrosis who require close monitoring and are at-risk for surgery. METHODS: The study group consists of 30 children prenatally diagnosed with asymptomatic unilateral hydronephrosis, initially managed with medical follow-up. Pyeloplasty was indicated if patients became symptomatic or if there was a significant drop in split renal function (SRF) during follow-up. An association was sought between PRA and renal parameters in post-hoc analysis. RESULTS: During the mean follow-up of 55.5 ± 8.2 months, 13/30 (43.3%) patients developed delayed drainage and 8/30 (26.6%) underwent pyeloplasty. Mean PRA was higher at presentation in the group which later presented with a drop in differential kidney function ≥ 10%, while it was within the normal range for age in the other patients. Before pyeloplasty, progression to delayed drainage coincided with a drop in SRF and a rise in PRA. While PRA levels normalized after pyeloplasty, SRF improved but did not reach initial values. A mean rise of 68.9% in PRA preceded current indications for surgery by 27.5 ± 9.5 months. CONCLUSIONS: A progressive increase in PRA in children with asymptomatic prenatally diagnosed hydronephrosis reflects obstructive stress in the tubulo-interstitial compartment. This stress is relieved by pyeloplasty and is reflected by a drop in PRA after surgery. PRA can, thus, serve as the discriminatory factor to identify hydronephrosis patients 'at-risk' for surgery even before the current criteria for pyeloplasty are met.
Authors: P Zucchetta; C Carasi; M C Marzola; L Murer; G Passerini-Glazel; W Rigamonti; G Zacchello; F Bui; G Montini Journal: J Urol Date: 2001-06 Impact factor: 7.450