Ippei Okada1,2, Seiko Miyata1, Kunihiro Iwamoto3, Hiroshige Fujishiro1,4, Akiko Noda5, Norio Ozaki1. 1. Department of Psychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University, 65 Tsurumai, Showa, Nagoya, Aichi, 466-8550, Japan. 2. Kariya Toyota General Hospital, Kariya, Aichi, 448-8505, Japan. 3. Department of Psychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University, 65 Tsurumai, Showa, Nagoya, Aichi, 466-8550, Japan. iwamoto@med.nagoya-u.ac.jp. 4. Kawasaki Memorial Hospital, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, 216-0013, Japan. 5. Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chubu University Graduate School of Life and Health Sciences, Kasugai, Aichi, 487-8501, Japan.
Abstract
PURPOSE: Patients with psychiatric disorders often complain of sleep disturbances and are frequently suspected of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). However, data regarding sleep problems evaluated by attended polysomnography (PSG) remain limited in this population. We analyzed the results of attended PSG from psychiatric patients with sleep-related problems to determine the prevalence and features of sleep disorders among this population. METHODS: We retrospectively investigated the attended PSG results of patients with psychiatric disorders: major depressive disorder, bipolar disorder, neurodevelopmental disorder, schizophrenia, neurocognitive disorder, anxiety disorder, somatic symptom disorder. RESULTS: Of 264 patients, 158 men (60%), mean age was 47 ± 19.9 years. More than half of the patients with major depressive disorder (62%), bipolar disorder (70%), schizophrenia (58%), neurocognitive disorders (55%), and somatic symptom disorder (56%) had OSA. Among the psychiatric patients with OSA, 62% of these patients had moderate to severe OSA. The risk factors for OSA were snoring, male, age, and body mass index. The presence of OSA was not associated with the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, Epworth Sleepiness Scale score, or benzodiazepine, antipsychotic, or antidepressant use. Other sleep disorders were insomnia (19%), central disorders of hypersomnia (8%), restless legs syndrome/periodic limb movement of sleep (8%), rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder (7%), and central sleep apnea syndrome (3%). CONCLUSIONS: PSG revealed that moderate to severe OSA was common in psychiatric patients with or without snoring. Subjective symptoms and psychotropics did not predict OSA. Therefore, PSG is needed to reveal sleep conditions in patients with psychiatric disorders.
PURPOSE: Patients with psychiatric disorders often complain of sleep disturbances and are frequently suspected of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). However, data regarding sleep problems evaluated by attended polysomnography (PSG) remain limited in this population. We analyzed the results of attended PSG from psychiatric patients with sleep-related problems to determine the prevalence and features of sleep disorders among this population. METHODS: We retrospectively investigated the attended PSG results of patients with psychiatric disorders: major depressive disorder, bipolar disorder, neurodevelopmental disorder, schizophrenia, neurocognitive disorder, anxiety disorder, somatic symptom disorder. RESULTS: Of 264 patients, 158 men (60%), mean age was 47 ± 19.9 years. More than half of the patients with major depressive disorder (62%), bipolar disorder (70%), schizophrenia (58%), neurocognitive disorders (55%), and somatic symptom disorder (56%) had OSA. Among the psychiatric patients with OSA, 62% of these patients had moderate to severe OSA. The risk factors for OSA were snoring, male, age, and body mass index. The presence of OSA was not associated with the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, Epworth Sleepiness Scale score, or benzodiazepine, antipsychotic, or antidepressant use. Other sleep disorders were insomnia (19%), central disorders of hypersomnia (8%), restless legs syndrome/periodic limb movement of sleep (8%), rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder (7%), and central sleep apnea syndrome (3%). CONCLUSIONS: PSG revealed that moderate to severe OSA was common in psychiatric patients with or without snoring. Subjective symptoms and psychotropics did not predict OSA. Therefore, PSG is needed to reveal sleep conditions in patients with psychiatric disorders.
Authors: Robert M Carney; William B Howells; Kenneth E Freedland; Stephen P Duntley; Phyllis K Stein; Michael W Rich; Gregory E Miller Journal: Psychosom Med Date: 2006 May-Jun Impact factor: 4.312
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Authors: A A Nierenberg; M M Husain; M H Trivedi; M Fava; D Warden; S R Wisniewski; S Miyahara; A J Rush Journal: Psychol Med Date: 2009-05-22 Impact factor: 7.723