Chang Shu1, Xinyu Zheng2, Yang Wang1, Yi Xu1, Denghui Zhang1, Shuli Deng3. 1. Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310006, People's Republic of China. 2. Department of Stomatology, Zhejiang University Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China. 3. Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310006, People's Republic of China. dengshuli@zju.edu.cn.
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: We investigated the inhibitory effects of captopril on matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and its effect as a primer on dentin bonding durability. MATERIALS AND METHODS: One hundred fifty human third molars were selected. Flat surfaces of the middle dentin were exposed, etched 15 s, and followed by pretreatment with a primer for 60 s, including distilled water (control, the negative control primer), 2% chlorhexidine digluconate (CHD, the positive control primer), and captopril solution. Inhibitory effects of primers on MMPs were evaluated by hydroxyproline and gelatinase activity tests. All primers were applied on dentin followed by bonding. Some of the samples were sliced into slabs, placed in a fluorescent solution containing gelatin, and incubated for in situ zymography. Some were cut into sticks, and after aging for 1 day, 12 months, or 24 months, microtensile bonding strength was tested. Some were cut into slabs, aged for 1 day, 12 months, or 24 months, and taken out for nanoleakage tests to reveal interface defects. RESULTS: Hydroxyproline and gelatinase activity analyses showed that captopril exerted better inhibitory effects on MMPs, relative to 2% CHD (p < 0.05). A 0.2% captopril aqueous solution (0.2% CapW) was chosen to apply to the dentin. In situ zymography showed that inhibitory effects of captopril on gelatinase were significantly higher compared to 2% CHD (p < 0.01). Microtensile strength revealed that the bonding effects of the 0.2% CapW group lasted longer, compared to the control and 2% CHD groups (p < 0.05). Interface defects, detected by nanoleakage, were significantly reduced in the 0.2% CapW group, compared to the control and 2% CHD groups (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Captopril inhibits dentin MMP activities and effectively improves dentin bonding durability. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Captopril is a promising dentin bonding primer for improving bonding durability.
OBJECTIVES: We investigated the inhibitory effects of captopril on matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and its effect as a primer on dentin bonding durability. MATERIALS AND METHODS: One hundred fifty human third molars were selected. Flat surfaces of the middle dentin were exposed, etched 15 s, and followed by pretreatment with a primer for 60 s, including distilled water (control, the negative control primer), 2% chlorhexidine digluconate (CHD, the positive control primer), and captopril solution. Inhibitory effects of primers on MMPs were evaluated by hydroxyproline and gelatinase activity tests. All primers were applied on dentin followed by bonding. Some of the samples were sliced into slabs, placed in a fluorescent solution containing gelatin, and incubated for in situ zymography. Some were cut into sticks, and after aging for 1 day, 12 months, or 24 months, microtensile bonding strength was tested. Some were cut into slabs, aged for 1 day, 12 months, or 24 months, and taken out for nanoleakage tests to reveal interface defects. RESULTS: Hydroxyproline and gelatinase activity analyses showed that captopril exerted better inhibitory effects on MMPs, relative to 2% CHD (p < 0.05). A 0.2% captopril aqueous solution (0.2% CapW) was chosen to apply to the dentin. In situ zymography showed that inhibitory effects of captopril on gelatinase were significantly higher compared to 2% CHD (p < 0.01). Microtensile strength revealed that the bonding effects of the 0.2% CapW group lasted longer, compared to the control and 2% CHD groups (p < 0.05). Interface defects, detected by nanoleakage, were significantly reduced in the 0.2% CapW group, compared to the control and 2% CHD groups (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Captopril inhibits dentin MMP activities and effectively improves dentin bonding durability. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Captopril is a promising dentin bonding primer for improving bonding durability.
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