Hamzeh Ghasemzadeh1, Dimitar D Deliyski2, Robert E Hillman3, Daryush D Mehta3. 1. Center for Laryngeal Surgery and Voice Rehabilitation, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Speech, Language and Hearing Sciences, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Communicative Sciences and Disorders, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan. Electronic address: hghasemzadeh@mgh.harvard.edu. 2. Department of Communicative Sciences and Disorders, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan. 3. Center for Laryngeal Surgery and Voice Rehabilitation, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; Speech and Hearing Bioscience and Technology, Division of Medical Sciences, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; MGH Institute of Health Professions, Boston, Massachusetts.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Calibrated horizontal-plane measurements from laryngeal images could contribute significantly to refining evidence-based practice and developing patient-specific models and precision-medicine approaches. Laser-projection endoscopes can address the need for direct calibrated measures; however, these systems are not widely available. This study presents the framework for an alternative indirect horizontal-plane calibration approach. METHOD: A spatial attribute of a common object, a distinct characteristic that is maintained across images, may be used as a scale for the normalization of other spatial measurements. The outcome of this indirect approach could be used for absolute measurements (eg, in units of mm) or relative measurements (eg, percent change), depending on the information that is available from the common attribute. The required conditions of a common attribute for achieving a valid calibration outcome were studied. Three conditions were derived: registration accuracy of the common attribute, size consistency of the common attribute, and similarity in the vertical distance between the region of interest (ROI) (eg, vocal fold) and the common attribute. Any common attribute satisfying these three conditions was called proper and would result in a valid indirect calibration outcome. Three tests were presented for evaluating the properness of a common attribute. A data-driven statistical method was presented that can evaluate the registration accuracy of a common attribute. The second test used variation in calibrated lengths of a common attribute under different phonatory configurations for evaluating the size consistency condition. Finally, the effect of differences between vertical distances of the ROI and the common attribute was mathematically tested and quantified. The application of the proposed framework for indirect calibration was demonstrated using a pre existing dataset with a vocal fold as the ROI and four different common attributes (vocal fold length, vocal fold width, blood vessel on the vocal fold, and blood vessel on nearby tissue). RESULTS: The proposed registration-accuracy test was able to detect and eliminate instances of common attributes with low accuracies. The analysis suggested that among the studied four common attributes, the vocal fold length had the highest (ie, best) registration accuracy; however, the vocal fold length exhibited the lowest (ie, worst) size consistency. The analysis also suggested that, among the studied attributes, the vocal fold width offered the best trade-off among the three conditions and, hence, was a proper common attribute for calibrating spatial aspects of the vocal folds (length, displacement of edges, velocity, etc). CONCLUSION: Indirect calibration is a feasible alternative for calibration of laryngeal endoscopic images, given a proper common attribute is selected. Future work is needed to systematically evaluate the effects of various phonatory conditions on the characteristics of common attributes.
OBJECTIVE: Calibrated horizontal-plane measurements from laryngeal images could contribute significantly to refining evidence-based practice and developing patient-specific models and precision-medicine approaches. Laser-projection endoscopes can address the need for direct calibrated measures; however, these systems are not widely available. This study presents the framework for an alternative indirect horizontal-plane calibration approach. METHOD: A spatial attribute of a common object, a distinct characteristic that is maintained across images, may be used as a scale for the normalization of other spatial measurements. The outcome of this indirect approach could be used for absolute measurements (eg, in units of mm) or relative measurements (eg, percent change), depending on the information that is available from the common attribute. The required conditions of a common attribute for achieving a valid calibration outcome were studied. Three conditions were derived: registration accuracy of the common attribute, size consistency of the common attribute, and similarity in the vertical distance between the region of interest (ROI) (eg, vocal fold) and the common attribute. Any common attribute satisfying these three conditions was called proper and would result in a valid indirect calibration outcome. Three tests were presented for evaluating the properness of a common attribute. A data-driven statistical method was presented that can evaluate the registration accuracy of a common attribute. The second test used variation in calibrated lengths of a common attribute under different phonatory configurations for evaluating the size consistency condition. Finally, the effect of differences between vertical distances of the ROI and the common attribute was mathematically tested and quantified. The application of the proposed framework for indirect calibration was demonstrated using a pre existing dataset with a vocal fold as the ROI and four different common attributes (vocal fold length, vocal fold width, blood vessel on the vocal fold, and blood vessel on nearby tissue). RESULTS: The proposed registration-accuracy test was able to detect and eliminate instances of common attributes with low accuracies. The analysis suggested that among the studied four common attributes, the vocal fold length had the highest (ie, best) registration accuracy; however, the vocal fold length exhibited the lowest (ie, worst) size consistency. The analysis also suggested that, among the studied attributes, the vocal fold width offered the best trade-off among the three conditions and, hence, was a proper common attribute for calibrating spatial aspects of the vocal folds (length, displacement of edges, velocity, etc). CONCLUSION: Indirect calibration is a feasible alternative for calibration of laryngeal endoscopic images, given a proper common attribute is selected. Future work is needed to systematically evaluate the effects of various phonatory conditions on the characteristics of common attributes.
Authors: P H Dejonckere; P Bradley; P Clemente; G Cornut; L Crevier-Buchman; G Friedrich; P Van De Heyning; M Remacle; V Woisard Journal: Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol Date: 2001-02 Impact factor: 2.503
Authors: Hamzeh Ghasemzadeh; Dimitar D Deliyski; David S Ford; James B Kobler; Robert E Hillman; Daryush D Mehta Journal: J Voice Date: 2019-05-29 Impact factor: 2.009
Authors: Rita R Patel; Shaheen N Awan; Julie Barkmeier-Kraemer; Mark Courey; Dimitar Deliyski; Tanya Eadie; Diane Paul; Jan G Švec; Robert Hillman Journal: Am J Speech Lang Pathol Date: 2018-08-06 Impact factor: 2.408
Authors: Gabriel A Alzamendi; Rodrigo Manríquez; Paul J Hadwin; Jonathan J Deng; Sean D Peterson; Byron D Erath; Daryush D Mehta; Robert E Hillman; Matías Zañartu Journal: J Acoust Soc Am Date: 2020-05 Impact factor: 1.840