Xiumei Hong1, Liming Liang2, Hongkai Ji3, Pamela Frischmeyer-Guerrerio4, Guoying Wang1, Colleen Pearson5, Meir Stampfer2,6,7, Frank B Hu2,6,7, Xiaobin Wang1,8. 1. Center on the Early Life Origins of Disease, Department of Population, Family and Reproductive Health, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA. 2. Departments of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. 3. Department of Biostatistics, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA. 4. Laboratory of Allergic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, Maryland, USA. 5. Department of Pediatrics, Boston University School of Medicine and Boston Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. 6. Department of Nutrition, T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. 7. Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. 8. Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Lipids are proposed to be important in developing adaptive immunity and allergy. However, studies to date reported inconsistent findings. OBJECTIVE: To examine newborn lipidome (a comprehensive profiling of circulating lipid metabolites) on child's risk of developing food allergy (FA). The maternal-cord joint effects of lipid metabolites on FA development were also investigated. METHODS: This study included 647 mother-child pairs from the Boston Birth Cohort and analyzed 202 lipid metabolites in cord plasma profiled by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. FA was defined based on standard clinical criteria. Logistic regression was applied to examine the relationships between individual metabolites and risk of FA. RESULTS: Of the 647 children, 61 developed FA. Cord triacylglycerols of long carbon chains and multiple double bonds were significantly associated with decreased risk of FA. These associations were comparable across strata of pertinent maternal and child covariates, and were independent of maternal triacylglycerols when assessed simultaneously. Besides, cord and maternal triacylglycerols had an additive effect in association with risk of FA: Children having high (≥Median) C56:8 triacylglycerol levels in both cord and maternal plasma were at the lowest risk of developing FA (OR = 0.24, 95% CI = 0.10-0.56, p = .001), compared to those having low levels in both cord and maternal plasma. CONCLUSION: This is the first birth cohort study to link altered cord plasma lipidome with future risk of development FA during childhood. It calls for further investigation on triacylglycerols of long carbon chains and multiple double bonds as potential novel predictive biomarkers and therapeutic targets for FA.
BACKGROUND: Lipids are proposed to be important in developing adaptive immunity and allergy. However, studies to date reported inconsistent findings. OBJECTIVE: To examine newborn lipidome (a comprehensive profiling of circulating lipid metabolites) on child's risk of developing food allergy (FA). The maternal-cord joint effects of lipid metabolites on FA development were also investigated. METHODS: This study included 647 mother-child pairs from the Boston Birth Cohort and analyzed 202 lipid metabolites in cord plasma profiled by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. FA was defined based on standard clinical criteria. Logistic regression was applied to examine the relationships between individual metabolites and risk of FA. RESULTS: Of the 647 children, 61 developed FA. Cord triacylglycerols of long carbon chains and multiple double bonds were significantly associated with decreased risk of FA. These associations were comparable across strata of pertinent maternal and child covariates, and were independent of maternal triacylglycerols when assessed simultaneously. Besides, cord and maternal triacylglycerols had an additive effect in association with risk of FA: Children having high (≥Median) C56:8 triacylglycerol levels in both cord and maternal plasma were at the lowest risk of developing FA (OR = 0.24, 95% CI = 0.10-0.56, p = .001), compared to those having low levels in both cord and maternal plasma. CONCLUSION: This is the first birth cohort study to link altered cord plasma lipidome with future risk of development FA during childhood. It calls for further investigation on triacylglycerols of long carbon chains and multiple double bonds as potential novel predictive biomarkers and therapeutic targets for FA.
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