Ultrasensitive electrochemical detection of furazolidone in biological samples using 1D-2D BiVO4@MoS2 hierarchical nano-heterojunction composites armed electrodes.

In this work, the hydrothermally synthesized of BiVO4@MoS2 hierarchical nano-heterojunction composite is employed as a novel electrocatalyst for electrochemical sensing of Furazolidone (FZE) drug by modifying the glassy carbon electrodes (GCE). The Raman spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy are used to thoroughly investigate the functional groups, vibrational modes, crystal structure, elemental composition and surface topography of the heterojunction composite. The physical characterization results revealed the successful construction of 1D-2D BiVO4@MoS2 hierarchical nano-heterojunction composite. When these unique architectures are reinforced on GCE surface, we achieved an enhanced electroactive surface area of 0.154 cm2. The electrochemical performance of 1D-2D BiVO4@MoS2 is examined though cyclic voltammetry and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) analysis. The BiVO4@MoS2 composites exhibited an excellent electrocatalytic activity in sensing of FZE with superior linear detection ranges of 0.01-14 and 14-614 μM. The limit of detection (LOD) of the BiVO4@MoS2 based sensor is determined to be 2.9 nM which is far superior than other reported FZE sensors. Consequently, it is evident from the investigation that the BiVO4@MoS2 based FZE sensor can be recommended for analyzing real time samples like human urine and blood serum with appreciable recovery.