| Literature DB >> 34823736 |
Daniel Ciccarone1, Steve Shoptaw2.
Abstract
Extending from the triple wave epidemic of opioid-related overdose deaths, a fourth wave of high mortality involving methamphetamine and cocaine use has been gathering force. This article provides a review of the published literature on stimulants including epidemiology, pharmacology, neurobiology, medical and psychiatric consequences, withdrawal management, and medical and behavioral treatments.Entities:
Keywords: Behavioral treatments; Cocaine; Epidemiology; Fentanyl; Medication treatments; Methamphetamine; Neurobiology; Pharmacology
Mesh:
Substances:
Year: 2022 PMID: 34823736 PMCID: PMC8670631 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcna.2021.08.010
Source DB: PubMed Journal: Med Clin North Am ISSN: 0025-7125 Impact factor: 5.456