Improvement of Transfection with PepFects Using Organic and Inorganic Materials.

Cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs) are a promising non-viral vector for gene and drug delivery. CPPs exhibit high cell transfection, and are biocompatible. They can be also conjugated with organic and inorganic nanomaterials, such as magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs), graphene oxide (GO), metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), and chitosan. Nanomaterials offered a high specific surface area and provided relatively straightforward methods to be modified with biomolecules including CPPs and oligonucleotides (ONs). Novel nanomaterials conjugates with CPP/ONs complexes are therefore of interest for cell transfection with high efficiency. In this chapter, we described a summary of the non-viral vectors consisting of CPPs and nanomaterials. The book chapter also included a protocol to generate hybrid biomaterials consisting of CPPs and nanoparticles (NPs) for the delivery of oligonucleotides. The conjugation of NPs with CPPs serves as an effective platform for gene therapy with high cell transfection efficiency. The protocol is simple, offers high cell transfection compared to the CPPs-ONs complexes, and can be used for further improvements using external stimuli.