Sadeq A Al-Maweri1, Manar Omar Altayyar2, Khalil Wassam AlQahtani3, Maryam Saleh Bamasud4, Ohud Yanalah AlGhamdi5, Sajna Ashraf6, Rawah Eshky7, Raidan Ba-Hattab1, Saba Kassim8. 1. College of Dental Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar. 2. Department of Dentistry, Nebras Medical Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. 3. Department of Endodontics, King Saud Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. 4. Department of Dentistry, Saudi Ministry of Health, Sakaka city, Jouf Region, Saudi Arabia. 5. Department of Dentistry, Saudi Ministry of Health, Khobar, Eastern Province, Saudi Arabia. 6. Department of Oral Medicine and Diagnostic Sciences, Vision Colleges, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. 7. Department of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Taibah University, Al-Madinah Al-Munawwarah, Saudi Arabia. 8. Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Taibah University, Al-Madinah Al-Munawwarah, Saudi Arabia.
Abstract
PURPOSE: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is associated with numerous oral complications, including frequent oral infections, periodontal diseases, hyposalivation, and xerostomia. The present study aimed to investigate salivary flow rate, xerostomia, and oral health status among a group of Saudi diabetic patients as compared to healthy controls. PATIENTS AND METHODS: This comparative cross-sectional study involved 50 diabetic patients (aged between 15 and 70 years) and 53 age- and gender-matched healthy controls. Data collection was carried out using a structured questionnaire and clinical examination of oral health status, which included salivary flow rates, saliva pH, tooth loss, plaque accumulation, and gingival health. Independent t-tests, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), and chi-square tests were performed to compare between groups. RESULTS: The results revealed a statistically significant lower salivary flow (0.33 ± 0.16 vs 0.59 ± 0.54; p = 0.002) and lower saliva pH (6.36 ± 0.49 vs 6.58 ± 0.39; p = 0.014) in diabetic patients than in the control group. A higher proportion of diabetic subjects (60%) self-reported having xerostomia compared to controls (52%), but the findings were statistically non-significant. Additionally, the results revealed slightly poorer oral health and greater tooth loss among DM patients, although the results did not attain a significant difference (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION: The findings of the present study demonstrate poor oral health and a high prevalence of xerostomia among Saudi diabetic patients. Oral health education should therefore be promoted in this group of patients.
PURPOSE: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is associated with numerous oral complications, including frequent oral infections, periodontal diseases, hyposalivation, and xerostomia. The present study aimed to investigate salivary flow rate, xerostomia, and oral health status among a group of Saudi diabetic patients as compared to healthy controls. PATIENTS AND METHODS: This comparative cross-sectional study involved 50 diabetic patients (aged between 15 and 70 years) and 53 age- and gender-matched healthy controls. Data collection was carried out using a structured questionnaire and clinical examination of oral health status, which included salivary flow rates, saliva pH, tooth loss, plaque accumulation, and gingival health. Independent t-tests, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), and chi-square tests were performed to compare between groups. RESULTS: The results revealed a statistically significant lower salivary flow (0.33 ± 0.16 vs 0.59 ± 0.54; p = 0.002) and lower saliva pH (6.36 ± 0.49 vs 6.58 ± 0.39; p = 0.014) in diabetic patients than in the control group. A higher proportion of diabetic subjects (60%) self-reported having xerostomia compared to controls (52%), but the findings were statistically non-significant. Additionally, the results revealed slightly poorer oral health and greater tooth loss among DM patients, although the results did not attain a significant difference (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION: The findings of the present study demonstrate poor oral health and a high prevalence of xerostomia among Saudi diabetic patients. Oral health education should therefore be promoted in this group of patients.
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