OBJECTIVE: Irritability is a common characteristic in ADHD. We examined whether dysfunction in neural connections supporting threat and reward processing was related to irritability in adolescents and young adults with ADHD. METHOD: We used resting-state fMRI to assess connectivity of amygdala and nucleus accumbens seeds in those with ADHD (n = 34) and an age- and gender-matched typically-developing comparison group (n = 34). RESULTS: In those with ADHD, irritability was associated with atypical functional connectivity of both seed regions. Amygdala seeds showed greater connectivity with right inferior frontal gyrus and caudate/putamen, and less connectivity with precuneus. Nucleus accumbens seeds showed altered connectivity with middle temporal gyrus and precuneus. CONCLUSION: The irritability-ADHD presentation is associated with atypical functional connectivity of reward and threat processing regions with cognitive control and emotion processing regions. These patterns provide novel evidence for irritability-associated neural underpinnings in adolescents and young adults with ADHD. The findings suggest cognitive and behavioral treatments that address response to reward, including omission of an expected reward and irritability, may be beneficial for ADHD.
OBJECTIVE: Irritability is a common characteristic in ADHD. We examined whether dysfunction in neural connections supporting threat and reward processing was related to irritability in adolescents and young adults with ADHD. METHOD: We used resting-state fMRI to assess connectivity of amygdala and nucleus accumbens seeds in those with ADHD (n = 34) and an age- and gender-matched typically-developing comparison group (n = 34). RESULTS: In those with ADHD, irritability was associated with atypical functional connectivity of both seed regions. Amygdala seeds showed greater connectivity with right inferior frontal gyrus and caudate/putamen, and less connectivity with precuneus. Nucleus accumbens seeds showed altered connectivity with middle temporal gyrus and precuneus. CONCLUSION: The irritability-ADHD presentation is associated with atypical functional connectivity of reward and threat processing regions with cognitive control and emotion processing regions. These patterns provide novel evidence for irritability-associated neural underpinnings in adolescents and young adults with ADHD. The findings suggest cognitive and behavioral treatments that address response to reward, including omission of an expected reward and irritability, may be beneficial for ADHD.
Authors: Rebecca Kerestes; Henry W Chase; Mary L Phillips; Cecile D Ladouceur; Simon B Eickhoff Journal: Neuroimage Date: 2017-01-09 Impact factor: 6.556
Authors: Prerona Mukherjee; Heather C Whalley; James W McKirdy; Andrew M McIntosh; Eve C Johnstone; Stephen M Lawrie; Jeremy Hall Journal: Schizophr Res Date: 2011-10-22 Impact factor: 4.939
Authors: S J A van der Werff; J N Pannekoek; I M Veer; M-J van Tol; A Aleman; D J Veltman; F G Zitman; S A R B Rombouts; B M Elzinga; N J A van der Wee Journal: Psychol Med Date: 2012-12-20 Impact factor: 7.723
Authors: Leslie A Hulvershorn; Maarten Mennes; F Xavier Castellanos; Adriana Di Martino; Michael P Milham; Tom A Hummer; Amy Krain Roy Journal: J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry Date: 2013-12-14 Impact factor: 8.829
Authors: Joel Stoddard; Derek Hsu; Richard C Reynolds; Melissa A Brotman; Monique Ernst; Daniel S Pine; Ellen Leibenluft; Daniel P Dickstein Journal: Psychiatry Res Date: 2014-11-20 Impact factor: 3.222
Authors: Taciana G Costa Dias; Vanessa B Wilson; Deepti R Bathula; Swathi P Iyer; Kathryn L Mills; Bria L Thurlow; Corinne A Stevens; Erica D Musser; Samuel D Carpenter; David S Grayson; Suzanne H Mitchell; Joel T Nigg; Damien A Fair Journal: Eur Neuropsychopharmacol Date: 2012-12-01 Impact factor: 4.600
Authors: Sarah L Karalunas; Damien Fair; Erica D Musser; Kamari Aykes; Swathi P Iyer; Joel T Nigg Journal: JAMA Psychiatry Date: 2014-09 Impact factor: 21.596
Authors: Bader Chaarani; Kees-Jan Kan; Scott Mackey; Philip A Spechler; Alexandra Potter; Tobias Banaschewski; Sabina Millenet; Arun L W Bokde; Uli Bromberg; Christian Büchel; Anna Cattrell; Patricia J Conrod; Sylvane Desrivières; Herta Flor; Vincent Frouin; Jürgen Gallinat; Penny Gowland; Andreas Heinz; Bernd Ittermann; Jean-Luc Martinot; Frauke Nees; Tomáš Paus; Luise Poustka; Michael N Smolka; Henrik Walter; Robert Whelan; Argyris Stringaris; Stephen T Higgins; Gunter Schumann; Hugh Garavan; Robert R Althoff Journal: J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry Date: 2020-08-27 Impact factor: 13.113