| Literature DB >> 34720198 |
Abstract
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‑19) mostly occurs in children and adolescents as an asymptomatic infection. The course of the disease is usually mild or moderate. The estimated seroprevalence in Germany before the start of the vaccination program in children and adolescents was > 10%. Individual risk factors for a severe course are known. The COVID‑19-associated pediatric inflammatory multisystem syndrome (PIMS) is a very rare and severe disease with a favorable prognosis if diagnosed early and treated appropriately. The data situation on long-COVID syndrome in children and adolescents is still insufficiently defined and the incidence is not known. The primary source of infections in children and adolescents are household contacts. Transmission in school settings and other day care facilities play a subordinate role, at least in Germany.Two mRNA vaccines are currently approved in Europe for the prevention of COVID‑19 in children and adolescents above the age of 12 years. Except for the very rare occurrence of pericarditis/myocarditis in temporal association with the vaccination, especially in young men, the COVID‑19 vaccines are considered effective and safe in the age group 12-17 years. The Standing Vaccination Commission (STIKO) issued a vaccination recommendation for all 12-17-year-olds on 19 August 2021. © Springer Medizin Verlag GmbH, ein Teil von Springer Nature 2021.Entities:
Keywords: COVID-19-Vaccination; Long-COVID; Myocarditis; Pediatric multisystem inflammatory disease, COVID‑19 related; SARS-CoV‑2 infection
Year: 2021 PMID: 34720198 PMCID: PMC8543413 DOI: 10.1007/s00112-021-01326-2
Source DB: PubMed Journal: Monatsschr Kinderheilkd ISSN: 0026-9298 Impact factor: 0.323


| Geschlecht | Altersgruppe (Jahre) | Gesamt | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| < 1 | 1–4 | 5–11 | 12–17 | 18–59 | ≥ 60 | |||||||||
| Männlich | 7996 | 2011 | 41.788 | 2557 | 95.968 | 3584 | 104.777 | 4514 | 1.183.190 | 5078 | 368.399 | 3441 | 1.802.192 | 4391 |
| Weiblich | 7269 | 1927 | 38.938 | 2508 | 87.142 | 3440 | 101.384 | 4641 | 1.215.297 | 5413 | 462.777 | 3551 | 1.912.862 | 4540 |
| Gesamt | 15.265 | 1994 | 80.726 | 2560 | 183.110 | 3547 | 206.161 | 4608 | 2.398.487 | 5270 | 831.176 | 3512 | 3.715.054 | 4490 |
SARS-CoV‑2 „severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus type 2“

| Geschlecht | Altersgruppe (Jahre) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| < 1 | 1–4 | 5–11 | 12–17 | 18–59 | ≥ 60 | Gesamt | |
| Männlich | 2 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2447 | 38.269 | 40.722 |
| Weiblich | 2 | 3 | 3 | 0 | 985 | 34.741 | 35.734 |
| Gesamt | 4 | 4 | 4 | 2 | 3432 | 73.010 | 76.456 |
| Anteil COVID‑19-bedingter Todesfälle an allen übermittelten Fällen (%) | 0,026 | 0,005 | 0,002 | 0,001 | 0,14 | 8,8 | 2,1 |
COVID‑19 „coronavirus disease 2019“
| Charakteristika | 12–15 Jahre | 16–25 Jahre | 12–15 Jahre | 16–25 Jahre |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Comirnaty | Comirnaty | Placebo | Placebo | |
| Männlich | 567 (50,1) | 255 (47,7) | 585 (51,8) | 269 (48,0) |
| Alter: Mittel (Median) | 13,6 (14,0) | 19,4 (18,0) | 13,6 (14,0) | 19,6 (19,0) |
| SARS-CoV‑2-Status negativ bei Beginn | 1028 (90,9) | 497 (92,6) | 1023 (90,6) | 522 (93,0) |
| Adipositas (ja) | 143 (12,6) | 80 (14,9) | 128 (11,3) | 101 (18,0) |
| Komorbiditäten (ja) | 248 (21,09) | 126 (23,5) | 240 (21,3) | 144 (25,7) |
SARS-CoV‑2 „severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus type 2“
| Comirnaty (30 µg) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 12–15 Jahre | 16–25 Jahre | 12–15/16–25 Jahre | |||
| GMT (95 %-KI) | GMT (95 %-KI) | GMR (95 %-KI) | Noninferior | ||
| 190 | 1239,5 (1095,5–1402,5) | 170 | 705,1 (621,4–800,2) | 1,76 (1,47–2,10) | Ja |
GMR 50 % Neutralization Titer-GMT-Ratio, GMT „geometric mean 50% neutralizing titer“, 95 %-KI 95 %-Konfidenzintervall

| Charakteristika | Spikevax | Placebo |
|---|---|---|
| Weiblich | 1203 (48,4) | 608 (49,0) |
| Männlich | 1283 (51,6) | 632 (51,0) |
| Alter: Mittelwert ± SD | 14,3 ± 1,6 | 14,2 ± 1,6 |
| SARS-CoV‑2-Status negativ bei Beginn | 2167 (87,2) | 1075 (86,7) |
| Adipositas (BMI ≥30 kg/m2; ja) | 170 (6,8) | 94 (7,6) |
BMI Body-Mass-Index, SARS-CoV‑2 „severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus type 2“, SD Standardabweichung
| Spikevax (100 µg) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 12–17 Jahre | 18–25 Jahre | 12–17/18–25 Jahre | |||
| GMT (95 %-KI) | GMT (95 %-KI) | GMR (95 %-KI) | Noninferior | ||
| 340 | 1401,7 (1276,3–1539,4) | 296 | 1301,3 (1177,0–1438,8) | 1,08 (0,94–1,24) | Ja |
GMR 50 % Neutralization Titer-GMT-Ratio, GMT „geometric mean 50% neutralizing titer“, 95 %-KI 95 %-Konfidenzintervall


| Zeitraum | Impfungen | Betrachtete Altersgruppe | SARS-CoV‑2-Meldefälle ( | Hospitalisierung ( | ITS ( | PIMS ( | Myokarditis nach Impfung ( |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bisherige Pandemie (16 Monate) | Bis 10.06.2021: keine | 12–17 Jahre | 206.161 | 2110 | 36 | 86 | – |
| Ab 10.06.2021: Kinder und Jugendliche > 12 Jahre mit Vorerkrankungen | |||||||
| Erwartungen 4. Welle laut Modell | 90 %ige Impfquote bei Kindern und Jugendlichen > 12 Jahre mit Vorerkrankungen 20 %ige Impfquote bei gesunden Kindern und Jugendlichen > 12 Jahre | – | |||||
90 %ige Impfquote bei Kindern und Jugendlichen > 12 Jahre mit Vorerkrankungen 50 %ige Impfquote bei gesunden Kindern und Jugendlichen > 12 Jahre | 12 bis 17 Jahre (direkte Effekte) | −164.119 | −1966 | −36 | −68 | 82 | |
| 0 bis 11 Jahre (indirekte Effekte) | −65.915 | −811 | −15 | −71 | – |
ITS Intensivstation, PIMS „pediatric inflammatory multisystem syndrome“, SARS-CoV‑2 „severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus type 2“