Meizi Eliezer1, Anton Sculean1, Richard J Miron1, Carlos Nemcovsky2, Dieter D Bosshardt1,3, Masako Fujioka-Kobayashi4, Miron Weinreb5, Ofer Moses6. 1. Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland. 2. Department of Periodontology and Dental Implantology, The Maurice and Gabriela Goldschleger School of Dental Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel. 3. Robert K. Schenk Laboratory of Oral Histology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland. 4. Department of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland. 5. Department of Oral Biology, The Maurice and Gabriela Goldschleger School of Dental Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel. 6. Department of Periodontology and Dental Implantology, The Maurice and Gabriela Goldschleger School of Dental Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel. mosesofer@gmail.com.
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: We previously showed that accelerated degradation of collagen membranes (CMs) in diabetic rats is associated with increased infiltration of macrophages and blood vessels. Since pre-implantation immersion of CMs in cross-linked high molecular weight hyaluronic acid (CLHA) delays membrane degradation, we evaluated here its effect on the number of macrophages and endothelial cells (ECs) within the CM as a possible mechanism for inhibition of CM resorption. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Diabetes was induced with streptozotocin in 16 rats, while 16 healthy rats served as control. CM discs were labeled with biotin, soaked in CLHA or PBS, and implanted under the scalp. Fourteen days later, CMs were embedded in paraffin and the number of macrophages and ECs within the CMs was determined using antibodies against CD68 and transglutaminase II, respectively. RESULTS: Diabetes increased the number of macrophages and ECs within the CMs (∼2.5-fold and fourfold, respectively). Immersion of CMs in CLHA statistically significantly reduced the number of macrophages (p < 0.0001) in diabetic rats, but not that of ECs. In the healthy group, CLHA had no significant effect on the number of either cells. Higher residual collagen area and membrane thickness in CLHA-treated CMs in diabetic animals were significantly correlated with reduced number of macrophages but not ECs. CONCLUSIONS: Immersion of CM in CLHA inhibits macrophage infiltration and reduces CM degradation in diabetic animals. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: The combination of CLHA and CM may represent a valuable approach when guided tissue regeneration or guided bone regeneration procedures are performed in diabetic patients.
OBJECTIVES: We previously showed that accelerated degradation of collagen membranes (CMs) in diabetic rats is associated with increased infiltration of macrophages and blood vessels. Since pre-implantation immersion of CMs in cross-linked high molecular weight hyaluronic acid (CLHA) delays membrane degradation, we evaluated here its effect on the number of macrophages and endothelial cells (ECs) within the CM as a possible mechanism for inhibition of CM resorption. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Diabetes was induced with streptozotocin in 16 rats, while 16 healthy rats served as control. CM discs were labeled with biotin, soaked in CLHA or PBS, and implanted under the scalp. Fourteen days later, CMs were embedded in paraffin and the number of macrophages and ECs within the CMs was determined using antibodies against CD68 and transglutaminase II, respectively. RESULTS: Diabetes increased the number of macrophages and ECs within the CMs (∼2.5-fold and fourfold, respectively). Immersion of CMs in CLHA statistically significantly reduced the number of macrophages (p < 0.0001) in diabetic rats, but not that of ECs. In the healthy group, CLHA had no significant effect on the number of either cells. Higher residual collagen area and membrane thickness in CLHA-treated CMs in diabetic animals were significantly correlated with reduced number of macrophages but not ECs. CONCLUSIONS: Immersion of CM in CLHA inhibits macrophage infiltration and reduces CM degradation in diabetic animals. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: The combination of CLHA and CM may represent a valuable approach when guided tissue regeneration or guided bone regeneration procedures are performed in diabetic patients.
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