| Literature DB >> 34453886 |
Vincent Careau1, Lewis G Halsey2, Herman Pontzer3, Philip N Ainslie4, Lene F Andersen5, Liam J Anderson6, Lenore Arab7, Issad Baddou8, Kweku Bedu-Addo9, Ellen E Blaak10, Stephane Blanc11, Alberto G Bonomi12, Carlijn V C Bouten13, Maciej S Buchowski14, Nancy F Butte15, Stefan G J A Camps10, Graeme L Close4, Jamie A Cooper16, Sai Krupa Das17, Richard Cooper18, Lara R Dugas19, Simon D Eaton20, Ulf Ekelund21, Sonja Entringer22, Terrence Forrester23, Barry W Fudge24, Annelies H Goris10, Michael Gurven25, Catherine Hambly26, Asmaa El Hamdouchi8, Marije B Hoos10, Sumei Hu27, Noorjehan Joonas28, Annemiek M Joosen10, Peter Katzmarzyk29, Kitty P Kempen10, Misaka Kimura30, William E Kraus31, Robert F Kushner32, Estelle V Lambert33, William R Leonard34, Nader Lessan35, Corby K Martin29, Anine C Medin36, Erwin P Meijer10, James C Morehen37, James P Morton4, Marian L Neuhouser38, Theresa A Nicklas15, Robert M Ojiambo39, Kirsi H Pietiläinen40, Yannis P Pitsiladis41, Jacob Plange-Rhule9, Guy Plasqui42, Ross L Prentice38, Roberto A Rabinovich43, Susan B Racette44, David A Raichlen45, Eric Ravussin28, John J Reilly46, Rebecca M Reynolds47, Susan B Roberts17, Albertine J Schuit48, Anders M Sjödin49, Eric Stice50, Samuel S Urlacher51, Giulio Valenti10, Ludo M Van Etten10, Edgar A Van Mil52, Jonathan C K Wells53, George Wilson4, Brian M Wood54, Jack Yanovski55, Tsukasa Yoshida56, Xueying Zhang57, Alexia J Murphy-Alford58, Cornelia U Loechl58, Amy H Luke59, Jennifer Rood60, Hiroyuki Sagayama61, Dale A Schoeller62, William W Wong63, Yosuke Yamada64, John R Speakman65.
Abstract
Understanding the impacts of activity on energy balance is crucial. Increasing levels of activity may bring diminishing returns in energy expenditure because of compensatory responses in non-activity energy expenditures.1-3 This suggestion has profound implications for both the evolution of metabolism and human health. It implies that a long-term increase in activity does not directly translate into an increase in total energy expenditure (TEE) because other components of TEE may decrease in response-energy compensation. We used the largest dataset compiled on adult TEE and basal energy expenditure (BEE) (n = 1,754) of people living normal lives to find that energy compensation by a typical human averages 28% due to reduced BEE; this suggests that only 72% of the extra calories we burn from additional activity translates into extra calories burned that day. Moreover, the degree of energy compensation varied considerably between people of different body compositions. This association between compensation and adiposity could be due to among-individual differences in compensation: people who compensate more may be more likely to accumulate body fat. Alternatively, the process might occur within individuals: as we get fatter, our body might compensate more strongly for the calories burned during activity, making losing fat progressively more difficult. Determining the causality of the relationship between energy compensation and adiposity will be key to improving public health strategies regarding obesity.Entities:
Keywords: Homo sapiens; activity; basal metabolic rate; daily energy expenditure; energy compensation; energy management models; exercise; trade-offs; weight loss
Mesh：
Year: 2021 PMID： 34453886 PMCID： PMC8551017 DOI： 10.1016/j.cub.2021.08.016
Source DB: PubMed Journal: Curr Biol ISSN： 0960-9822 Impact factor: 10.834