Daniel Martak1, Julia Guther2, Tess D Verschuuren3, Benoit Valot4, Nadine Conzelmann5, Stefanie Bunk5, M Eugenia Riccio6, Elena Salamanca7, Alexandre Meunier8, Charles P Henriot4, Caroline Pressacco Brossier6, Xavier Bertrand9, Ben S Cooper10, Stephan Harbarth6, Evelina Tacconelli11, Ad C Fluit12, Jesús Rodriguez-Baño7, Jan A J W Kluytmans13, Silke Peter2, Didier Hocquet14. 1. Infection Control Unit, University Hospital of Besancon, Besancon, France; UMR 6249, Laboratoire Chrono-environnement, CNRS-Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Besançon, France. Electronic address: martak.daniel@gmail.com. 2. Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany. 3. Julius Centre for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands. 4. UMR 6249, Laboratoire Chrono-environnement, CNRS-Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Besançon, France. 5. Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany. 6. Infection Control Program, Geneva University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland. 7. Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, University Hospital Virgen Macarena and Department of Medicine, University of Sevilla / Biomedicines Institute of Sevilla (IBiS), Sevilla, Spain. 8. Infection Control Unit, University Hospital of Besancon, Besancon, France. 9. Infection Control Unit, University Hospital of Besancon, Besancon, France; UMR 6249, Laboratoire Chrono-environnement, CNRS-Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Besançon, France. 10. Centre for Tropical Medicine & Global Health, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, United Kingdom. 11. Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany; Infectious Diseases, Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, University of Verona, Italy. 12. Department of Medical Microbiology, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands. 13. Julius Centre for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Amphia Hospital Breda, Microvida Laboratory for Medical Microbiology, Breda, the Netherlands. 14. Infection Control Unit, University Hospital of Besancon, Besancon, France; UMR 6249, Laboratoire Chrono-environnement, CNRS-Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Besançon, France; Centre de Ressources Biologiques - Filière Microbiologique de Besançon, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire, Besançon, France.
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: To assess the extent to which food items are a source of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) -producing Escherichia coli (ESBL-Ec) and ESBL-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae (ESBL-Kp) for humans in five European cities. METHODS: We sampled 122 human polluted (hp)-environments (sewers and polluted rivers, as a proxy of human contamination) and 714 food items in Besançon (France), Geneva (Switzerland), Sevilla (Spain), Tübingen (Germany) and Utrecht (The Netherlands). A total of 254 ESBL-Ec and 39 ESBL-Kp isolates were cultured. All genomes were fully sequenced to compare their sequence types (ST) and core genomes, along with the distribution of blaESBL genes and their genetic supports (i.e. chromosome or plasmid). RESULTS: Sequence data revealed that ESBL-Ec and ESBL-Kp isolates from hp-environments were genetically different from those contaminating food items. ESBL-Ec ST131 was widespread in the hp-environment (21.5% of the isolates) but absent from the food items tested. ESBL-Ec ST10 was in similar proportions in hp-environments and food items (15 and 10 isolates, respectively) but mostly carried reservoir-specific blaESBL. blaCTX-M-1 and blaSHV-12 predominated in food-related E. coli isolates (32% and 34% of the isolates, respectively), whereas blaCTX-M-15 and blaCTX-M-27 predominated in isolates from hp-environments (52% and 15% of the isolates, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: We found a very limited connection between ESBL-Ec and ESBL-Kp populations retrieved in food items and from hp-environments and blaESBL. This suggests that human-to-human contamination, rather than the food chain, is possibly the most frequent route of ESBL-Ec and ESBL-Kp transmission in high-income countries.
OBJECTIVES: To assess the extent to which food items are a source of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) -producing Escherichia coli (ESBL-Ec) and ESBL-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae (ESBL-Kp) for humans in five European cities. METHODS: We sampled 122 human polluted (hp)-environments (sewers and polluted rivers, as a proxy of human contamination) and 714 food items in Besançon (France), Geneva (Switzerland), Sevilla (Spain), Tübingen (Germany) and Utrecht (The Netherlands). A total of 254 ESBL-Ec and 39 ESBL-Kp isolates were cultured. All genomes were fully sequenced to compare their sequence types (ST) and core genomes, along with the distribution of blaESBL genes and their genetic supports (i.e. chromosome or plasmid). RESULTS: Sequence data revealed that ESBL-Ec and ESBL-Kp isolates from hp-environments were genetically different from those contaminating food items. ESBL-Ec ST131 was widespread in the hp-environment (21.5% of the isolates) but absent from the food items tested. ESBL-Ec ST10 was in similar proportions in hp-environments and food items (15 and 10 isolates, respectively) but mostly carried reservoir-specific blaESBL. blaCTX-M-1 and blaSHV-12 predominated in food-related E. coli isolates (32% and 34% of the isolates, respectively), whereas blaCTX-M-15 and blaCTX-M-27 predominated in isolates from hp-environments (52% and 15% of the isolates, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: We found a very limited connection between ESBL-Ec and ESBL-Kp populations retrieved in food items and from hp-environments and blaESBL. This suggests that human-to-human contamination, rather than the food chain, is possibly the most frequent route of ESBL-Ec and ESBL-Kp transmission in high-income countries.
Authors: Luciana Sampaio Lima; Aldo Aparecido Proietti-Junior; Yan Corrêa Rodrigues; Marcelo Cleyton da Silva Vieira; Luana Nepomuceno Gondim Costa Lima; Cintya de Oliveira Souza; Verônica Dias Gonçalves; Marcelo de Oliveira Lima; Dália Dos Prazeres Rodrigues; Karla Valéria Batista Lima Journal: Microorganisms Date: 2022-04-13
Authors: Jordan E Sealey; Ashley Hammond; Oliver Mounsey; Virginia C Gould; Kristen K Reyher; Matthew B Avison Journal: J Antimicrob Chemother Date: 2022-08-25 Impact factor: 5.758