Claudia Erika Fuentes-Venado1,2,3, Guadalupe Terán-Pérez4, Victor Manuel Espinosa-Hernández5,6, Erick Martínez-Herrera6,7, Julia J Segura-Uribe8, Roberto E Mercadillo9,10, Rodolfo Pinto-Almazán6,7, Christian Guerra-Araiza2. 1. Doctorado en Ciencias Biológicas y de la Salud-Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Mexico City, Mexico. 2. Servicio de Medicina Física y Rehabilitación, Hospital General de Zona No. 197, Texcoco, Mexico. 3. Unidad de Investigación Médica en Farmacología, Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City, Mexico. 4. Clínica de Trastornos del Sueño, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, Mexico City, Mexico. 5. Maestría en Ciencias de la Salud, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City, Mexico. 6. Unidad de Investigación, Hospital Regional de Alta Especialidad de Ixtapaluca, Ixtapaluca, Mexico. 7. Sección de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City, Mexico. 8. Subdirección de Gestión de la Investigación, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez, Secretaría de Salud, Mexico City, Mexico. 9. Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología, Mexico City, Mexico. 10. Departamento de Biología de la Reproducción, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, Mexico City, Mexico.
Abstract
Background: Child malnutrition represents a major public health problem with physiological, psychological, and social short- and long-term implications. Objective: To compare the influence of nutritional status on oxidative stress (OS) markers in children aged 3-6 years. Methods: Children were categorized into four groups: underweight, normal weight, overweight, and obesity. Glucose (Glu), cholesterol (Chol), high-density lipoproteins, insulin, triacylglycerols (TG), triacylglycerols/glucose (TyG) index, and the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) were analyzed. In addition, OS [malondialdehyde (MDA) and 3-nitrotyrosine (3-NT)] and antioxidant defense markers [superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and the ratio of reduced/oxidized glutathione (GSH/GSSG)] were quantified. Results: Children with obesity showed significantly higher levels of MDA and 3-NT, and increased SOD activity compared with normal weight children. Glu, Chol, TG levels, TyG indexes, HOMA-IR, MDA, 3-NT, and SOD positively correlated with body mass index (BMI) and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention percentiles (CDC PC). However, CAT concentration and the GSH/GSSG ratio correlated negatively with BMI and CDC PC. In children with underweight, we found a positive correlation of TG levels and TyG indexes with BMI, whereas both markers positively correlated with BMI and CDC PC in children with overweight. MDA negatively correlated with BMI in children with underweight, while a positive association was observed in children with overweight. Finally, SOD, CAT, and GSH/GSSG negatively correlated with both BMI and CDC PC in children with overweight. Conclusions: Malnutrition, especially obesity, is associated with metabolic and OS disturbances in preschool children. It is urgent to design strategies to prevent malnutrition in this age group since this stage of development is crucial to potentially avoid future co-morbidities.
Background: Child malnutrition represents a major public health problem with physiological, psychological, and social short- and long-term implications. Objective: To compare the influence of nutritional status on oxidative stress (OS) markers in children aged 3-6 years. Methods: Children were categorized into four groups: underweight, normal weight, overweight, and obesity. Glucose (Glu), cholesterol (Chol), high-density lipoproteins, insulin, triacylglycerols (TG), triacylglycerols/glucose (TyG) index, and the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) were analyzed. In addition, OS [malondialdehyde (MDA) and 3-nitrotyrosine (3-NT)] and antioxidant defense markers [superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and the ratio of reduced/oxidized glutathione (GSH/GSSG)] were quantified. Results: Children with obesity showed significantly higher levels of MDA and 3-NT, and increased SOD activity compared with normal weight children. Glu, Chol, TG levels, TyG indexes, HOMA-IR, MDA, 3-NT, and SOD positively correlated with body mass index (BMI) and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention percentiles (CDC PC). However, CAT concentration and the GSH/GSSG ratio correlated negatively with BMI and CDC PC. In children with underweight, we found a positive correlation of TG levels and TyG indexes with BMI, whereas both markers positively correlated with BMI and CDC PC in children with overweight. MDA negatively correlated with BMI in children with underweight, while a positive association was observed in children with overweight. Finally, SOD, CAT, and GSH/GSSG negatively correlated with both BMI and CDC PC in children with overweight. Conclusions: Malnutrition, especially obesity, is associated with metabolic and OS disturbances in preschool children. It is urgent to design strategies to prevent malnutrition in this age group since this stage of development is crucial to potentially avoid future co-morbidities.
Authors: Edwin Chávez-Gutiérrez; Claudia Erika Fuentes-Venado; Lorena Rodríguez-Páez; Christian Guerra-Araiza; Carlos Larqué; Erick Martínez-Herrera; María Esther Ocharan-Hernández; Joel Lomelí; Marco A Loza-Mejía; Juan Rodrigo Salazar; Dulce María Meneses-Ruiz; Juan Manuel Gallardo; Rodolfo Pinto-Almazán Journal: Metabolites Date: 2022-04-12
Authors: Grzegorz K Jakubiak; Kamila Osadnik; Mateusz Lejawa; Tadeusz Osadnik; Marcin Goławski; Piotr Lewandowski; Natalia Pawlas Journal: Antioxidants (Basel) Date: 2021-12-29