Manal Naseeb1, Michael L Bruneau2, Brandy-Joe Milliron3, Deeptha Sukumar3, Gary D Foster4, Sinclair A Smith2, Stella L Volpe5. 1. Department of Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. 2. Department of Health Sciences, College of Nursing and Health Professions, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA. 3. Department of Nutrition Sciences, College of Nursing and Health Professions, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA. 4. WW International, Inc., New York, NY, USA. 5. Department of Human Nutrition, Foods, and Exercise, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The HEALTHY Study was a multicomponent school-based intervention, designed to prevent type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in middle-school students. OBJECTIVES: We examined whether the difference in dietary magnesium intake, BMI percentile, and plasma glucose and insulin concentrations from 6th to 8th grade were related in the intervention schools and in the control schools that participated in the HEALTHY Study. METHODS: A total of 2181 ethnically diverse students, from 11.3 to 13.7 y of age, with completed dietary records, BMI percentile, and plasma glucose and insulin concentrations at 6th and 8th grades were included. Dietary magnesium intake was self-reported using the Block Kids FFQ. A hierarchical multiple regression model was used to determine whether the differences in dietary magnesium intake, BMI percentile, and plasma glucose and insulin concentrations from 6th to 8th grades were related, while adjusting for dietary calcium intake and total energy intake. RESULTS: The difference in dietary magnesium intake was significantly related to changes in BMI percentile from 6th to 8th grade in intervention and in control schools [intervention: β: -0.07; 95% CI: -0.58, -0.02; P = 0.03; R2 (regression coefficient effect size): 0.14; 95% CI for R2: 0.10, 0.17; control: β: -0.08; 95% CI: -0.63, -0.09; P = 0.01; R2: 0.12; 95% CI for R2: 0.08, 0.15]. The difference in dietary magnesium intake was not related to plasma glucose and insulin concentrations in intervention and in control schools. CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that a multicomponent intervention was associated with reduced risk of T2DM, and that this association may be modulated, in part, by magnesium. The differences in dietary magnesium intake from 6th to 8th grade were negatively related to changes in BMI percentile among middle-school students.
BACKGROUND: The HEALTHY Study was a multicomponent school-based intervention, designed to prevent type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in middle-school students. OBJECTIVES: We examined whether the difference in dietary magnesium intake, BMI percentile, and plasma glucose and insulin concentrations from 6th to 8th grade were related in the intervention schools and in the control schools that participated in the HEALTHY Study. METHODS: A total of 2181 ethnically diverse students, from 11.3 to 13.7 y of age, with completed dietary records, BMI percentile, and plasma glucose and insulin concentrations at 6th and 8th grades were included. Dietary magnesium intake was self-reported using the Block Kids FFQ. A hierarchical multiple regression model was used to determine whether the differences in dietary magnesium intake, BMI percentile, and plasma glucose and insulin concentrations from 6th to 8th grades were related, while adjusting for dietary calcium intake and total energy intake. RESULTS: The difference in dietary magnesium intake was significantly related to changes in BMI percentile from 6th to 8th grade in intervention and in control schools [intervention: β: -0.07; 95% CI: -0.58, -0.02; P = 0.03; R2 (regression coefficient effect size): 0.14; 95% CI for R2: 0.10, 0.17; control: β: -0.08; 95% CI: -0.63, -0.09; P = 0.01; R2: 0.12; 95% CI for R2: 0.08, 0.15]. The difference in dietary magnesium intake was not related to plasma glucose and insulin concentrations in intervention and in control schools. CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that a multicomponent intervention was associated with reduced risk of T2DM, and that this association may be modulated, in part, by magnesium. The differences in dietary magnesium intake from 6th to 8th grade were negatively related to changes in BMI percentile among middle-school students.
Keywords:
HEALTHY Study; body mass index; children and adolescents; dietary magnesium; fasting plasma glucose concentrations; fasting plasma insulin concentrations; type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Gary D Foster; Barbara Linder; Tom Baranowski; Dan M Cooper; Linn Goldberg; Joanne S Harrell; Francine Kaufman; Marsha D Marcus; Roberto P Treviño; Kathryn Hirst Journal: N Engl J Med Date: 2010-06-27 Impact factor: 91.245
Authors: B Gillis; C Mobley; D D Stadler; J Hartstein; A Virus; S L Volpe; L El ghormli; M A Staten; J Bridgman; S McCormick Journal: Int J Obes (Lond) Date: 2009-08 Impact factor: 5.095
Authors: A Hata; Y Doi; T Ninomiya; N Mukai; Y Hirakawa; J Hata; M Ozawa; K Uchida; T Shirota; T Kitazono; Y Kiyohara Journal: Diabet Med Date: 2013-06-29 Impact factor: 4.359
Authors: Ruy Lopez-Ridaura; Walter C Willett; Eric B Rimm; Simin Liu; Meir J Stampfer; JoAnn E Manson; Frank B Hu Journal: Diabetes Care Date: 2004-01 Impact factor: 19.112
Authors: Dana Dabelea; Elizabeth J Mayer-Davis; Sharon Saydah; Giuseppina Imperatore; Barbara Linder; Jasmin Divers; Ronny Bell; Angela Badaru; Jennifer W Talton; Tessa Crume; Angela D Liese; Anwar T Merchant; Jean M Lawrence; Kristi Reynolds; Lawrence Dolan; Lenna L Liu; Richard F Hamman Journal: JAMA Date: 2014-05-07 Impact factor: 56.272
Authors: Adina L Feldman; Simon J Griffin; Amy L Ahern; Grainne H Long; Lars Weinehall; Eva Fhärm; Margareta Norberg; Patrik Wennberg Journal: BMC Public Health Date: 2017-02-06 Impact factor: 3.295