Eliana Dantas Costa1, Larissa de Oliveira Reis2, Hugo Gaêta-Araujo2, Luciano Augusto Cano Martins2, Christiano Oliveira-Santos3, Deborah Queiroz Freitas2. 1. University of Campinas, Piracicaba Dental School, Division of Oral Radiology, Department of Oral Diagnosis, Avenue Limeira 901, Areião, 13414-018 Piracicaba, Brazil. Electronic address: edantasc@yahoo.com.br. 2. University of Campinas, Piracicaba Dental School, Division of Oral Radiology, Department of Oral Diagnosis, Avenue Limeira 901, Areião, 13414-018 Piracicaba, Brazil. 3. University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Public Health and Forensic Dentistry, Department of Stomatology, Division of Oral Radiology, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: To evaluate the influence of sagittal and vertical skeletal patterns (skeletal classes and facial profiles), and sex on the distance between upper central incisors roots and incisive canal. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Cone-beam computed tomography exams of 172 patients were classified into skeletal classes I, II, and III and according to the facial profile into mesofacial, brachyfacial, and dolichofacial. In sagittal reconstructions, linear measurements were done between central incisors roots and incisive canal at three levels: incisive foramen opening, intermediate region, and the region close to the apex of upper central incisors. In axial reconstructions, measurements of incisive canal width and distance between the roots were obtained. Analysis of Variance (three-way ANOVA) was used to evaluate measurement differences in relation to skeletal classes, facial profiles, and sex. RESULTS: The distance between upper central incisors roots and incisive canal anterior region was little influenced by sagittal and vertical skeletal patterns and sex. Men had significantly greater incisive canal (mean=2.85mm; SD=1.18) width compared to women (mean=2.40mm; SD=1.04), regardless of skeletal class and facial profile (P<0.05). In general, inter-root distance between medial points of central incisors roots and incisive canal opening was greater in the region close to upper central incisors apex (mean=3.84mm; SD=1.44) than in incisive foramen opening (2.44mm; SD=1.04), (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The distance between upper central incisors roots and incisive canal is little influenced by sagittal and vertical skeletal patterns and sex.
INTRODUCTION: To evaluate the influence of sagittal and vertical skeletal patterns (skeletal classes and facial profiles), and sex on the distance between upper central incisors roots and incisive canal. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Cone-beam computed tomography exams of 172 patients were classified into skeletal classes I, II, and III and according to the facial profile into mesofacial, brachyfacial, and dolichofacial. In sagittal reconstructions, linear measurements were done between central incisors roots and incisive canal at three levels: incisive foramen opening, intermediate region, and the region close to the apex of upper central incisors. In axial reconstructions, measurements of incisive canal width and distance between the roots were obtained. Analysis of Variance (three-way ANOVA) was used to evaluate measurement differences in relation to skeletal classes, facial profiles, and sex. RESULTS: The distance between upper central incisors roots and incisive canal anterior region was little influenced by sagittal and vertical skeletal patterns and sex. Men had significantly greater incisive canal (mean=2.85mm; SD=1.18) width compared to women (mean=2.40mm; SD=1.04), regardless of skeletal class and facial profile (P<0.05). In general, inter-root distance between medial points of central incisors roots and incisive canal opening was greater in the region close to upper central incisors apex (mean=3.84mm; SD=1.44) than in incisive foramen opening (2.44mm; SD=1.04), (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The distance between upper central incisors roots and incisive canal is little influenced by sagittal and vertical skeletal patterns and sex.