Population Pharmacokinetics of Diethylcarbamazine in Patients with Lymphatic Filariasis and Healthy Individuals.

Diethylcarbamazine (DEC) is a drug of choice to treat lymphatic filariasis (LF) either used alone or in combination as mass drug administration (MDA) preventive strategies. The objective of this study was to develop a population pharmacokinetics (PK) model for DEC in subjects infected with lymphatic filariasis (LF) compared to healthy individuals, and to evaluate the effect of covariates on the volume of distribution (V/F) and oral clearance (CL/F) of DEC. This was an open-label cohort study of treatment-naive Wuchereria bancrofti-infected (n = 32) and uninfected (n = 24) adults residing in the Agboville District of Côte d'Ivoire. The population pharmacokinetics model for DEC was built using Phoenix NLME 8.0 software. The covariates included in the model-building process were age, gender, body weight, infection status, creatinine clearance (CLCR), and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels. A total of 56 adults were enrolled in the study, and a total of 728 samples were obtained over 168 h. A one-compartment linear pharmacokinetics model with first-order absorption with an absorption lag time (Tlag) best described the data. After determining the pharmacokinetics (PK) parameters of DEC, body weight and gender were found to be the significant covariates for DEC V/F. The final population pharmacokinetics model adequately described the pharmacokinetics of DEC in the studied population. Model-based simulation indicated that the body weight significantly impacted the exposure in both the male and female populations. This analysis may further support the drug-drug interaction model development of DEC with different coadministered drugs or agents in disease control programs. (This study is registered at clinicaltrials.gov under identifier NCT02845713.).