Kris T C Hede1, Bjørn B Christensen1, Morten L Olesen1, Jesper Skovhus Thomsen2, Casper B Foldager1, Wei Seong Toh3,4, Sai Kiang Lim5, Martin C Lind1,6. 1. Orthopedic Research Laboratory, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus N, Denmark. 2. Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus C, Denmark. 3. Faculty of Dentistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore. 4. Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore. 5. Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore. 6. Sports Trauma Clinic, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus N, Denmark.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: This study evaluated the effects of mesenchymal stem cell-extracellular vesicles (MSC-EVs) on chondrocyte proliferation in vitro and on cartilage repair in vivo following bone marrow stimulation (BMS) of focal chondral defects of the knee. METHODS: Six adult Göttingen minipigs received 2 chondral defects in each knee. The pigs were randomized to treatment with either BMS combined with MSC-EVs or BMS combined with phosphate-buffered saline (PBS). Intraarticular injections MSC-EVs or PBS were performed immediately after closure of the surgical incisions, and at 2 and 4 weeks postoperatively. Repair was evaluated after 6 months with gross examination, histology, histomorphometry, immunohistochemistry, and micro-computed tomography (µCT) analysis of the trabecular bone beneath the defect. RESULTS: Defects treated with MSC-EVs had more bone in the cartilage defect area than the PBS-treated defects (7.9% vs. 1.5%, P = 0.02). Less than 1% of the repair tissue in both groups was hyaline cartilage. International Cartilage and Joint Preservation Society II histological scoring showed that defects treated with MSC-EVs scored lower on "matrix staining" (20.8 vs. 50.0, P = 0.03), "cell morphology" (35.4 vs. 53.8, P = 0.04), and "overall assessment" (30.8 vs. 52.9, P = 0.03). Consistently, defects treated with MSC-EVs had lower collagen II and higher collagen I areal deposition. Defects treated with MSC-EVs had subchondral bone with significantly higher tissue mineral densities than PBS-treated defects (860 mg HA/cm3 vs. 838 mg HA/cm3, P = 0.02). CONCLUSION: Intraarticular injections of MSC-EVs in conjunction with BMS led to osseous ingrowth that impaired optimal cartilage repair, while enhancing subchondral bone healing.
OBJECTIVE: This study evaluated the effects of mesenchymal stem cell-extracellular vesicles (MSC-EVs) on chondrocyte proliferation in vitro and on cartilage repair in vivo following bone marrow stimulation (BMS) of focal chondral defects of the knee. METHODS: Six adult Göttingen minipigs received 2 chondral defects in each knee. The pigs were randomized to treatment with either BMS combined with MSC-EVs or BMS combined with phosphate-buffered saline (PBS). Intraarticular injections MSC-EVs or PBS were performed immediately after closure of the surgical incisions, and at 2 and 4 weeks postoperatively. Repair was evaluated after 6 months with gross examination, histology, histomorphometry, immunohistochemistry, and micro-computed tomography (µCT) analysis of the trabecular bone beneath the defect. RESULTS: Defects treated with MSC-EVs had more bone in the cartilage defect area than the PBS-treated defects (7.9% vs. 1.5%, P = 0.02). Less than 1% of the repair tissue in both groups was hyaline cartilage. International Cartilage and Joint Preservation Society II histological scoring showed that defects treated with MSC-EVs scored lower on "matrix staining" (20.8 vs. 50.0, P = 0.03), "cell morphology" (35.4 vs. 53.8, P = 0.04), and "overall assessment" (30.8 vs. 52.9, P = 0.03). Consistently, defects treated with MSC-EVs had lower collagen II and higher collagen I areal deposition. Defects treated with MSC-EVs had subchondral bone with significantly higher tissue mineral densities than PBS-treated defects (860 mg HA/cm3 vs. 838 mg HA/cm3, P = 0.02). CONCLUSION: Intraarticular injections of MSC-EVs in conjunction with BMS led to osseous ingrowth that impaired optimal cartilage repair, while enhancing subchondral bone healing.
Authors: Kenneth W Witwer; Bas W M Van Balkom; Stefania Bruno; Andre Choo; Massimo Dominici; Mario Gimona; Andrew F Hill; Dominique De Kleijn; Mickey Koh; Ruenn Chai Lai; S Alex Mitsialis; Luis A Ortiz; Eva Rohde; Takashi Asada; Wei Seong Toh; Daniel J Weiss; Lei Zheng; Bernd Giebel; Sai Kiang Lim Journal: J Extracell Vesicles Date: 2019-04-29
Authors: Tian Sheng Chen; Ruenn Chai Lai; May May Lee; Andre Boon Hwa Choo; Chuen Neng Lee; Sai Kiang Lim Journal: Nucleic Acids Res Date: 2009-10-22 Impact factor: 16.971
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