Ali G Hamedani1,2,3, Maureen G Maguire3,4, Connie Marras5,6, Allison W Willis1,2,3,7. 1. Department of Neurology, Perelman School of Medicine University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA. 2. Translational Center of Excellence for Neuroepidemiology and Neurology Outcomes Research, Perelman School of Medicine University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA. 3. Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA. 4. Department of Ophthalmology, Perelman School of Medicine University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA. 5. Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine University of Toronto Toronto Ontario Canada. 6. Morton and Gloria Shulman Movement Disorders Centre and the Edmond J. Safra Program in Parkinson's Disease Research Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto Toronto Ontario Canada. 7. Leonard Davis Institute for Health Economics University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Some patients with Parkinson Disease (PD) report double vision, but its prevalence and determinants are unknown. OBJECTIVES: To determine the prevalence and risk factors for diplopia in PD. METHODS: Using data from 26,790 PD patients and 9257 controls in the Fox Insight Study, we compared the prevalence of diplopia using the Non-Movement Symptom Questionnaire. Associations with age, race, gender, disease duration, and scores on MDS-UPDRS part II, and Penn Parkinson's Daily Activity Questionnaire were assessed with generalized estimating equations. RESULTS: The point prevalence of diplopia was higher in PD (18.1%) than controls (6.3%, P < 0.001) at baseline, and 28.2% of all PD patients reported diplopia at least once during the study (period prevalence). PD patients with diplopia were more likely to be older, non-white, have greater disease duration, and report greater motor, non-motor, and daily activity limitations. CONCLUSIONS: Diplopia is common and associates with motor and non-motor severity in PD.
BACKGROUND: Some patients with Parkinson Disease (PD) report double vision, but its prevalence and determinants are unknown. OBJECTIVES: To determine the prevalence and risk factors for diplopia in PD. METHODS: Using data from 26,790 PD patients and 9257 controls in the Fox Insight Study, we compared the prevalence of diplopia using the Non-Movement Symptom Questionnaire. Associations with age, race, gender, disease duration, and scores on MDS-UPDRS part II, and Penn Parkinson's Daily Activity Questionnaire were assessed with generalized estimating equations. RESULTS: The point prevalence of diplopia was higher in PD (18.1%) than controls (6.3%, P < 0.001) at baseline, and 28.2% of all PD patients reported diplopia at least once during the study (period prevalence). PD patients with diplopia were more likely to be older, non-white, have greater disease duration, and report greater motor, non-motor, and daily activity limitations. CONCLUSIONS: Diplopia is common and associates with motor and non-motor severity in PD.
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