Thomas Stahnke1, Tobias Lindner2, Rudolf Guthoff1, Oliver Stachs1, Andreas Wree3, Sönke Langner4, Thoralf Niendorf5, Niels Grabow6, Änne Glass7, Ebba Beller4, Stefan Polei2. 1. Department of Ophthalmology, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany. 2. Core Facility Multimodal Small Animal Imaging, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany. 3. Institute of Anatomy, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany. 4. Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany. 5. Berlin Ultrahigh Field Facility, Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany. 6. Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Rostock University Medical Center, Friedrich- Rostock, Germany. 7. Institute for Biostatistics and Informatics in Medicine and Ageing Research, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The development of presbyopia is correlated with increased lens stiffness. To reveal structural changes with age, ultrahigh field magnetic resonance imaging (UHF-MRI) was used to analyze water diffusion in differently aged human lenses ex vivo. METHODS: After enucleation lens extractions were performed. Lenses were photographed, weighed, and embedded in 0.5% agarose dissolved in culture medium. UHF-MRI was conducted to analyze anatomical characteristics of the lens using T2-weighted Turbo-RARE imaging and to obtain apparent diffusion coefficients (ADC) measurements. A Gaussian fit routine was used to examine the ADC histograms. RESULTS: An age-dependent increase in lens wet weight, lens thickness, and lens diameter was found (P<0.001). T2-weighted images revealed a hyperintense lens cortex and a gradually negative gradient in signal intensity towards the nucleus. ADC histograms of the lens showed bimodal distributions (lower ADC values mainly located in the nucleus and higher ADC values mainly located in the cortex), which did not change significantly with age [βPeak1=1.96E-7 (-20E-7, 10E-7), P=0.804 or βPeak2=15.4E-7 (-10E-7, 40E-7), P=0.276; respectively]. CONCLUSIONS: Clinically relevant age dependent lens hardening is probably not correlated with ADC changes within the nucleus, which could be confirmed by further measurements. 2021 Quantitative Imaging in Medicine and Surgery. All rights reserved.
BACKGROUND: The development of presbyopia is correlated with increased lens stiffness. To reveal structural changes with age, ultrahigh field magnetic resonance imaging (UHF-MRI) was used to analyze water diffusion in differently aged human lenses ex vivo. METHODS: After enucleation lens extractions were performed. Lenses were photographed, weighed, and embedded in 0.5% agarose dissolved in culture medium. UHF-MRI was conducted to analyze anatomical characteristics of the lens using T2-weighted Turbo-RARE imaging and to obtain apparent diffusion coefficients (ADC) measurements. A Gaussian fit routine was used to examine the ADC histograms. RESULTS: An age-dependent increase in lens wet weight, lens thickness, and lens diameter was found (P<0.001). T2-weighted images revealed a hyperintense lens cortex and a gradually negative gradient in signal intensity towards the nucleus. ADC histograms of the lens showed bimodal distributions (lower ADC values mainly located in the nucleus and higher ADC values mainly located in the cortex), which did not change significantly with age [βPeak1=1.96E-7 (-20E-7, 10E-7), P=0.804 or βPeak2=15.4E-7 (-10E-7, 40E-7), P=0.276; respectively]. CONCLUSIONS: Clinically relevant age dependent lens hardening is probably not correlated with ADC changes within the nucleus, which could be confirmed by further measurements. 2021 Quantitative Imaging in Medicine and Surgery. All rights reserved.
Entities:
Keywords:
Ultrahigh field magnetic resonance imaging (UHF-MRI); aging; diffusion weighted imaging; human lens
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