Tahreem Iqbal1, Michael Miller2. 1. Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 110 S. Paca Street, Suite 7-124, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA. 2. Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 110 S. Paca Street, Suite 7-124, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA. mmiller@som.umaryland.edu.
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: To examine recently published data from clinical outcome and arteriographic studies that examined the addition of omega-3 fatty acids, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) + docosahexanoic acid (DHA), to standard of care therapy on cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. RECENT FINDINGS: Several trials that tested purified EPA (JELIS, REDUCE-IT, EVAPORATE) were associated with reduced CVD risk and regression of low attenuation coronary plaque volume, whereas studies that employed the combination EPA/DHA (VITAL, OMEMI, STRENGTH) failed to derive clinical benefit. Trials testing purified EPA consistently demonstrated reduction in atheromatous volume or CVD events beyond standard of care therapies, whereas the combination of EPA/DHA did not, despite producing similar reductions in triglycerides. Experimental and in vitro data suggest that compared to DHA, EPA exhibits antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and membrane stabilizing properties that enhance vascular function and CVD risk. Consequently, purified EPA appears to be the treatment of choice for high-risk patients with hypertriglyceridemia.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: To examine recently published data from clinical outcome and arteriographic studies that examined the addition of omega-3 fatty acids, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) + docosahexanoic acid (DHA), to standard of care therapy on cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. RECENT FINDINGS: Several trials that tested purified EPA (JELIS, REDUCE-IT, EVAPORATE) were associated with reduced CVD risk and regression of low attenuation coronary plaque volume, whereas studies that employed the combination EPA/DHA (VITAL, OMEMI, STRENGTH) failed to derive clinical benefit. Trials testing purified EPA consistently demonstrated reduction in atheromatous volume or CVD events beyond standard of care therapies, whereas the combination of EPA/DHA did not, despite producing similar reductions in triglycerides. Experimental and in vitro data suggest that compared to DHA, EPA exhibits antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and membrane stabilizing properties that enhance vascular function and CVD risk. Consequently, purified EPA appears to be the treatment of choice for high-risk patients with hypertriglyceridemia.
Authors: Brian A Ference; John J P Kastelein; Kausik K Ray; Henry N Ginsberg; M John Chapman; Chris J Packard; Ulrich Laufs; Clare Oliver-Williams; Angela M Wood; Adam S Butterworth; Emanuele Di Angelantonio; John Danesh; Stephen J Nicholls; Deepak L Bhatt; Marc S Sabatine; Alberico L Catapano Journal: JAMA Date: 2019-01-29 Impact factor: 56.272
Authors: Claudia Imke; Beatriz L Rodriguez; John S Grove; Judith R McNamara; Carol Waslien; Alan R Katz; Bradley Willcox; Katsuhiko Yano; J David Curb Journal: Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol Date: 2005-06-09 Impact factor: 8.311
Authors: Michael Miller; Christopher P Cannon; Sabina A Murphy; Jie Qin; Kausik K Ray; Eugene Braunwald Journal: J Am Coll Cardiol Date: 2008-02-19 Impact factor: 24.094
Authors: Om P Ganda; Deepak L Bhatt; R Preston Mason; Michael Miller; William E Boden Journal: J Am Coll Cardiol Date: 2018-06-20 Impact factor: 24.094
Authors: Tong Liu; Inci Dogan; Michael Rothe; Jana Reichardt; Felix Knauf; Maik Gollasch; Friedrich C Luft; Benjamin Gollasch Journal: Metabolites Date: 2022-03-21