| Literature DB >> 34227322 |
Shengdong Pan1, Yanbo Guo1, Li Wang1, Dandan Zhang1.
Abstract
A rapid and accurate analysis method based on PRiME HLB pass-through solid-phase extraction (SPE) and ultra-performance liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry (UPLC-HRMS) was developed for the determination of 29 pesticide residues in bayberry samples. The bayberry samples were first extracted using acetonitrile by vortexing; then, the extract solution was salted out and purified by PRiME HLB pass-through solid-phase extraction (SPE) cartridges. Chromatographic separation was subsequently carried out on a Waters ACQUITY UPLC HSS T3 column (100 mm×2.1 mm, 1.8 μm) using 5 mmol/L ammonium acetate in water and acetonitrile as the elution solvent. The electrospray ion source in positive (ESI+) mode and full mass-data-dependent MS2 (full mass-ddMS2) mode were used for quantification by the matrix-matched external standard method. The LC conditions were first optimized, and two analytical columns, Waters ACQUITY UPLC HSS T3 and Waters ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18, were investigated for the 29 pesticides. The results indicated that the Waters ACQUITY UPLC HSS T3 column showed better chromatographic retention. Moreover, composites of the mobile phase were also studied. Compared to the acetonitrile-formic acid aqueous solution system and acetonitrile-formic acid-ammonium acetate aqueous solution system, the acetonitrile-ammonium acetate aqueous solution system used as the mobile phase exhibited much better chromatographic behavior for most of the 29 pesticides. In particular, the MS responses of some of the target pesticides were significantly improved when using the ammonium acetate-acetonitrile system as the mobile phase. In addition, the sample pretreatment conditions for the 29 pesticides in bayberry samples were systematically optimized. The matrix effect (ME) for three different types of purification methods were applied to evaluate the purification efficiency for the 29 pesticides in the bayberry samples. The following results were obtained from the post-spiking experiments: (1) For graphitized carbon (GCB) SPE, the post-spiking recoveries of 29 pesticides in the bayberry samples were generally low, less than 60%. (2) For the QuEChERS method, the recoveries of most target pesticides improved. The pesticide ratio with recoveries ranging from 70% to 120% was found to be 41%; however, the pesticide ratio with recoveries of less than 60% was still high (35%). (3) For the PRiME HLB-based pretreatment method, the recoveries of the 29 pesticides obviously improved. The pesticide ratio with recoveries between 70% and 120% was up to 76%, while the pesticide ratios were only 14% and 10% for post-spiking recoveries of 60%-70% and >120%, respectively. Meanwhile, the recoveries of all 29 pesticides were found to be more than 60%. Therefore, the PRiME HLB-based method was better than the GCB SPE and QuEChERS methods for pretreatment of the 29 pesticides in the bayberry samples. In addition, the PRiME HLB-based pretreatment process does not require tedious operation processes such as activation, balance, and elution, and thus, the sample pretreatment time is greatly shortened. Under the optimal conditions, the 29 target pesticides showed good linearity in the range of 1.0-200.0 μg/L, with correlation coefficients (R2) higher than 0.999. The limits of detection (LODs) were 2.0 μg/kg for the 29 target pesticides. The recoveries of the pesticides spiked in the bayberry samples were in the range of 69.2%-135.6% at 6, 200, and 400 μg/kg, respectively, while the relative standard deviations (RSDs) in the range of 0.7%-14.6%. The proposed method based on PRiME HLB-pass through SPE-UPLC-HRMS was adopted to determine these 29 pesticides in 30 bayberry samples purchased from local and online markets. According to the results, pesticides such as methamidamine, difenoconazole, and tebuconazole were frequently detected in the bayberry samples. However, the maximum residue limits (MRLs) of methamidamine, difenoconazole, and tebuconazole in bayberry samples were not provided in GB 2763-2019. In summary, the developed method is fast, simple, sensitive, and accurate, and it can be applied for daily monitoring of pesticides in bayberry samples.Entities:
Keywords: bayberry; matrix effect (ME); pesticide residues; solid-phase extraction (SPE); ultra-performance liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry (UPLC-HRMS)
Mesh:
Substances:
Year: 2021 PMID: 34227322 PMCID: PMC9404219 DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1123.2020.11011
Source DB: PubMed Journal: Se Pu ISSN: 1000-8713
29种农药分子式、离子加合方式、精确质荷比和保留时间
| No. | Compound | Molecular formula | Adduct ion | Exact m/z | Retention time/min |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 3-hydroxygram budweiser (3-羟基克百威) | C12H15NO4 | [M+H]+ | 238.10738 | 3.37 |
| 2 | ketotriazole (三唑酮) | C14H16ClN3O2 | [M+H]+ | 294.10038 | 5.66 |
| 3 | brominated phosphorus (丙溴磷) | C11H15BrClO3PS | [M+H]+ | 372.94242 | 6.70 |
| 4 | rogor (乐果) | C5H12NO3PS2 | [M+H]+ | 230.00690 | 3.72 |
| 5 | orthene (乙酰甲胺磷) | C4H10NO3PS | [M+H]+ | 184.01918 | 1.06 |
| 6 | fenobucarb (仲丁威) | C12H17NO2 | [M+H]+ | 208.13321 | 5.46 |
| 7 | carbofuran (克百威) | C12H15NO3 | [M+H]+ | 222.11247 | 4.81 |
| 8 | imidacloprid (吡虫啉) | C9H10ClN5O2 | [M+H]+ | 256.05958 | 3.53 |
| 9 | methamidamine (咪鲜胺) | C15H16Cl3N3O2 | [M+H]+ | 376.03809 | 6.07 |
| 10 | acetamiprid (啶虫脒) | C10H11ClN4 | [M+H]+ | 223.07450 | 3.80 |
| 11 | pyrimamine (嘧霉胺) | C12H13N3 | [M+H]+ | 200.11822 | 5.51 |
| 12 | carbendazim (多菌灵) | C9H9N3O2 | [M+H]+ | 192.07675 | 3.37 |
| 13 | isoprocarb (异丙威) | C11H15NO2 | [M+H]+ | 194.11756 | 5.15 |
| 14 | tebuconazole (戊唑醇) | C16H22ClN3O | [M+H]+ | 308.15242 | 5.77 |
| 15 | folimat (氧化乐果) | C5H12NO4PS | [M+H]+ | 214.02974 | 1.13 |
| 16 | chlorobenzamide (氯虫苯甲酰胺) | C18H14BrCl2N5O2 | [M+H]+ | 481.97807 | 5.32 |
| 17 | aldicarb (涕灭威) | C7H14N2O2S | [M+Na]+ | 213.06682 | 4.32 |
| 18 | aldicarb sulfoxide (涕灭威亚砜) | C7H14N2O3S | [M+H]+ | 207.07979 | 1.20 |
| 19 | aldicarb sulfone (涕灭威砜) | C7H14N2O4S | [M+NH4]+ | 240.10125 | 1.68 |
| 20 | tetramethylamine (灭蝇胺) | C6H10N6 | [M+H]+ | 167.10397 | 0.87 |
| 21 | dimethomorph (烯酰吗啉) | C21H22ClNO4 | [M+H]+ | 388.13101 | 5.35 |
| 22 | thiophonate-methyl (甲基硫菌灵) | C12H14N4O4S2 | [M+H]+ | 343.05292 | 4.62 |
| 23 | phorate (甲拌磷) | C7H17O2PS3 | [M+H]+ | 261.02010 | 6.47 |
| 24 | phosphate sulfone (甲拌磷砜) | C7H17O4PS3 | [M+H]+ | 293.00992 | 5.37 |
| 25 | phorate sulfoxide (甲拌磷亚砜) | C7H17O3PS3 | [M+H]+ | 277.01502 | 5.37 |
| 26 | methamidophos (甲胺磷) | C2H8NO2PS | [M+H]+ | 142.00861 | 0.97 |
| 27 | carbaryl (甲萘威) | C12H11NO2 | [M+H]+ | 202.08626 | 4.91 |
| 28 | metalaxyl (甲霜灵) | C15H21NO4 | [M+H]+ | 280.15433 | 5.07 |
| 29 | difenoconazole (苯醚甲环唑) | C19H17Cl2N3O3 | [M+H]+ | 406.07197 | 6.10 |
图 1不同流动相条件下多菌灵的色谱行为
图 2两种农药在不同色谱柱上的保留行为
图 3不同净化方法的净化性能对比
图 4不同净化方法的后加标回收率(Re)占比
图 5杨梅中29种农药在不同净化方式下的基质效应
图 6不同净化方式下农药基质效应强度等级分布比例
空白杨梅样品中29种农药的加标回收率和精密度(n=6)
| Compound | Spiked levels | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 6 μg/kg | 200 μg/kg | 400 μg/kg | ||||||
| Recovery/% | RSD/% | Recovery/% | RSD/% | Recovery/% | RSD/% | |||
| 3-Hydroxygram budweiser | 86.2 | 2.3 | 97.3 | 1.7 | 94.2 | 1.1 | ||
| Ketotriazole | 90.1 | 3.6 | 93.8 | 3.4 | 105.2 | 2.0 | ||
| Brominated phosphorus | 88.2 | 5.7 | 96.7 | 2.0 | 87.4 | 2.0 | ||
| Rogor | 93.2 | 2.3 | 92.3 | 2.0 | 89.6 | 1.6 | ||
| Orthene | 79.2 | 8.9 | 82.1 | 2.9 | 82.9 | 2.2 | ||
| Fenobucarb | 131.5 | 5.1 | 129.4 | 3.6 | 135.6 | 4.4 | ||
| Carbofuran | 95.9 | 4.5 | 97.0 | 1.8 | 94.7 | 1.3 | ||
| Imidacloprid | 108.4 | 6.8 | 113.1 | 3.8 | 109.7 | 1.9 | ||
| Methamidamine | 81.8 | 6.1 | 85.2 | 2.8 | 75.7 | 1.4 | ||
| Acetamiprid | 112.5 | 2.1 | 104.6 | 1.7 | 96.3 | 1.0 | ||
| Pyrimamine | 121.3 | 12.8 | 110.1 | 10.6 | 101.8 | 3.0 | ||
| Carbendazim | 79.5 | 3.2 | 83.1 | 1.4 | 76.4 | 1.5 | ||
| Isoprocarb | 132.4 | 4.2 | 113.2 | 3.7 | 114.8 | 1.1 | ||
| Tebuconazole | 100.6 | 14.6 | 102.0 | 9.8 | 93.6 | 1.7 | ||
| Folimat | 73.8 | 3.2 | 81.9 | 1.4 | 76.3 | 0.9 | ||
| Chlorobenzamide | 98.5 | 5.3 | 90.8 | 4.7 | 85.6 | 2.1 | ||
| Aldicarb | 72.8 | 5.6 | 78.9 | 4.2 | 82.5 | 2.5 | ||
| Aldicarb sulfoxide | 79.3 | 8.7 | 69.2 | 1.2 | 73.3 | 1.8 | ||
| Aldicarb sulfone | 85.6 | 5.1 | 88.3 | 2.5 | 83.5 | 1.0 | ||
| Tetramethylamine | 74.2 | 3.5 | 82.5 | 1.8 | 76.4 | 0.7 | ||
| Dimethomorph | 99.3 | 8.4 | 91.7 | 7.3 | 82.8 | 1.3 | ||
| Thiophonate-methyl | 116.9 | 3.8 | 112.8 | 1.6 | 104.2 | 2.2 | ||
| Phorate | 70.6 | 9.2 | 81.3 | 6.1 | 77.6 | 5.2 | ||
| Phorate sulfone | 89.3 | 10.1 | 101.0 | 2.9 | 103.6 | 2.3 | ||
| Phosphate sulfoxide | 83.2 | 6.7 | 79.9 | 4.4 | 88.6 | 3.2 | ||
| Methamidophos | 90.6 | 4.8 | 111.4 | 2.9 | 108.6 | 0.8 | ||
| Carbaryl | 123.8 | 7.2 | 116.8 | 2.8 | 100.7 | 2.4 | ||
| Metalaxyl | 105.5 | 2.3 | 100.9 | 2.2 | 91.8 | 2.7 | ||
| Difenoconazole | 78.2 | 10.3 | 105.3 | 4.3 | 89.8 | 1.5 | ||
图 71份杨梅样品中3种农药的SIM色谱图