Mendel Castle-Kirszbaum1, Yi Yuen Wang2, James King3, Tony Goldschlager4,5. 1. Department of Neurosurgery, Monash Health, 246 Clayton Road, Clayton, Melbourne, VIC, 3168, Australia. mdck.journal@gmail.com. 2. Department of Neurosurgery, St Vincent's Health, Melbourne, Australia. 3. Department of Neurosurgery, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Australia. 4. Department of Neurosurgery, Monash Health, 246 Clayton Road, Clayton, Melbourne, VIC, 3168, Australia. 5. Department of Surgery, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Frailty is a state of physiological vulnerability that negatively influences surgical outcomes. The effect of frailty on pituitary adenoma surgery, however, is not clear, and patients may be wrongly denied surgery because they are "too frail". We examined the effects of frailty on surgical outcome and quality-of-life (QoL) in patients undergoing endoscopic transsphenoidal resection of pituitary adenomas. METHODS: A prospective, consecutive cohort of surgically managed pituitary adenoma was analysed. Frailty was defined by the 5-factor modified Frailty Index (mFI-5) and the Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI). QoL was measured by the anterior skull base questionnaire (ASBQ) and sinonasal outcomes test (SNOT). RESULTS: Of 304 patients with pituitary adenomas, 42 (13.8%) were frail (mFI5 of > 1). Frail patients tended to have smaller adenomas (p < 0.0001) with less suprasellar extension (p < 0.0001). Both overall (ASBQ) and sinonasal-specific (SNOT) QoL were not affected by frailty on multivariate analysis. Endocrine and visual outcomes were similarly not worsened by frailty. Overall, medical complications were uncommon, and perioperative morbidity or mortality was not significantly greater in the frail group. CONCLUSION: Frail patients experience the same QoL benefits from surgery as their non-frail counterparts, and have equivalently successful visual and endocrine outcomes. Frailty should not be seen as a barrier to successful surgical management of pituitary adenomas.
INTRODUCTION: Frailty is a state of physiological vulnerability that negatively influences surgical outcomes. The effect of frailty on pituitary adenoma surgery, however, is not clear, and patients may be wrongly denied surgery because they are "too frail". We examined the effects of frailty on surgical outcome and quality-of-life (QoL) in patients undergoing endoscopic transsphenoidal resection of pituitary adenomas. METHODS: A prospective, consecutive cohort of surgically managed pituitary adenoma was analysed. Frailty was defined by the 5-factor modified Frailty Index (mFI-5) and the Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI). QoL was measured by the anterior skull base questionnaire (ASBQ) and sinonasal outcomes test (SNOT). RESULTS: Of 304 patients with pituitary adenomas, 42 (13.8%) were frail (mFI5 of > 1). Frail patients tended to have smaller adenomas (p < 0.0001) with less suprasellar extension (p < 0.0001). Both overall (ASBQ) and sinonasal-specific (SNOT) QoL were not affected by frailty on multivariate analysis. Endocrine and visual outcomes were similarly not worsened by frailty. Overall, medical complications were uncommon, and perioperative morbidity or mortality was not significantly greater in the frail group. CONCLUSION: Frail patients experience the same QoL benefits from surgery as their non-frail counterparts, and have equivalently successful visual and endocrine outcomes. Frailty should not be seen as a barrier to successful surgical management of pituitary adenomas.
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