Advocating for diamorphine: Cosmopolitical care and collective action in the ruins of the 'old British system'.

Britain was the first country in the world to prescribe diamorphine (pharmaceutical-grade heroin) to heroin users as a treatment for opioid dependency. Known and admired internationally as the British System, Britain has a somewhat more ambivalent relationship to its own invention. Where patients were once prescribed diamorphine and other injectable opioids on an unsupervised basis, new patients are no longer initiated in this way and those existing 'old system' patients are under threat. Carrying out ethnographic research at an advocacy service for people who use drugs, I explore this threat as an onto-epistemological concern and the advocates' work to sustain these 'old' ways of knowing and being with diamorphine as a collective matter of care and action. Accounting for advocacy as a non-objective 'emboldening' of the individual to speak, the advocates draw our attention to the inequity of knowledge production and the collective act of speaking in an environment that is increasingly hostile towards these patients. As neoliberal political economies interact with stigmatising forces against people who use drugs, the article highlights the advocate's work as essential in allowing these patients' concerns to be heard where a threat to their prescription becomes a threat to their very way of living.