Bioluminescence Imaging of Neuronal Network Dynamics Using Aequorin-Based Calcium Sensors.

Optogenetic calcium sensors enable the imaging in real-time of the activities of single or multiple neurons in brain slices and in vivo. Bioluminescent probes engineered from the natural calcium sensor aequorin do not require illumination, are virtually devoid of background signal, and exhibit wide dynamic range and low cytotoxicity. These probes are thus well suited for long-duration, whole-field recordings of multiple neurons simultaneously. Here, we describe a protocol for monitoring and analyzing the dynamics of neuronal ensembles using whole-field bioluminescence imaging of an aequorin-based sensor in brain slice.