Frantz Pierre1, Leah S Forman2, Michael Winter2, Debbie Cheng3, Christine Ngabirano4, Nneka Emenyonu5, Peter W Hunt6, Yong Huang7, Winnie Muyindike8, Jeffrey Samet9, Judith A Hahn10, Kaku So-Armah11. 1. Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, 72 E Concord St, Boston, MA 02118, USA. 2. Biostatistics and Epidemiology Data Analytics Center, Boston University School of Public Health, 85 East Newton Street, M921, Boston, MA 02118, USA. 3. Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, 801 Massachusetts Ave Boston, MA 02119, USA. 4. Mbarara University of Science and Technology Department of Internal Medicine P.O Box 1410 Mbarara Uganda, Uganda. 5. Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, 1001 Potrero Ave, San Francisco, CA 94110, USA. 6. Division of HIV/AIDS, San Francisco General Hospital, San Francisco, CA, USA. 7. Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutics, University of California San Francisco, 1700 4th Street, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA. 8. Mbarara University of Science and Technology Department of Internal Medicine P.O Box 1410 Mbarara, Uganda. 9. Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine and Boston Medical Center, 801 Massachusetts Ave Crosstown, 2nd Floor Boston, MA 02118, USA. 10. Departments of Medicine and Epidemiology & Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, 550 16th St., 3rd floor San Francisco, CA 94158-2549, USA. 11. Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, 801 Massachusetts Ave, 2nd Floor Boston, MA 02118, USA.
Abstract
AIMS: Alcohol is hypothesized to have effects on the kynurenine pathway of tryptophan catabolism, a potential mechanism for alcohol-induced depression and aggression. A biomarker of this pathway, the plasma kynurenine to tryptophan ratio (K/T ratio), has been associated with HIV progression, mortality and depression. Our aim was to assess whether hazardous alcohol consumption is associated higher K/T ratio among people with HIV. METHODS: Participants were a subset of the Uganda Alcohol Research Collaboration on HIV/AIDS Cohort. Alcohol consumption was categorized (abstinent, moderate and hazardous alcohol use) using the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test-Consumption and phosphatidylethanol (PEth). K/T ratio was the primary outcome. We used linear regression adjusted for age, sex, FIB-4, hepatitis B surface antigen, log (HIV viral load) to estimate the association between alcohol consumption and K/T ratio. RESULTS: Compared to abstinent participants, hazardous drinkers and moderate drinkers had higher K/T ratio but these differences did not reach statistical significance. CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that hazardous alcohol consumption, in the context of untreated HIV infection, may not significantly alter kynurenine to tryptophan ratio as a measure of activity of the kynurenine pathway of tryptophan metabolism.
AIMS: Alcohol is hypothesized to have effects on the kynurenine pathway of tryptophan catabolism, a potential mechanism for alcohol-induced depression and aggression. A biomarker of this pathway, the plasma kynurenine to tryptophan ratio (K/T ratio), has been associated with HIV progression, mortality and depression. Our aim was to assess whether hazardous alcohol consumption is associated higher K/T ratio among people with HIV. METHODS: Participants were a subset of the Uganda Alcohol Research Collaboration on HIV/AIDS Cohort. Alcohol consumption was categorized (abstinent, moderate and hazardous alcohol use) using the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test-Consumption and phosphatidylethanol (PEth). K/T ratio was the primary outcome. We used linear regression adjusted for age, sex, FIB-4, hepatitis B surface antigen, log (HIV viral load) to estimate the association between alcohol consumption and K/T ratio. RESULTS: Compared to abstinent participants, hazardous drinkers and moderate drinkers had higher K/T ratio but these differences did not reach statistical significance. CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that hazardous alcohol consumption, in the context of untreated HIV infection, may not significantly alter kynurenine to tryptophan ratio as a measure of activity of the kynurenine pathway of tryptophan metabolism.
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